Details for Pilaria discicollis

Name: Pilaria discicollis (Meigen, 1818) Publication: Syst. Beschr. 1: 125 (as Limnobia) Status: Recognized taxon, Synonym(s): ruralis (Meigen, 1838); ripicola Gerard, 1968. Classification: Family Limoniidae Subfamily Limnophilinae Descriptive note: Considered monotypic after Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008. Synonymy: Stary, 2002 (Fauna Europaea, dec. 2002). Keys: Boardman, 2016 (craneflies Shropshire); Peeters en Oosterbroek, 2016c (craneflies Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) (in Dutch); Stubbs and Kramer, 2016g; Stubbs, 2021 (British craneflies) habitus male habitus male habitus female habitus female habitus female plus 37 more images of habitus, body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, ovipositor, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat and habitat. Distribution: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Czech Rep., Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France (incl. Corsica), Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy (incl. Sicily), Latvia, Lithuania, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey (European part: widespread), Ukraine; Russia: RUN, RUW, RUC, RUE; Turkey (Asiatic part: see citations for provinces), Iran; Kazakhstan (east). Note: see the manual for abbreviations: present-day Russia. Region(s): Westpalaearctic;; Eastpalaearctic General note: Added: Spain (Geiger et al., 1994). For Italy check Stary and Oosterbroek, 1996, and citations below. For Finland check Salmela, 2012b, 2012c, and citations below. For Norway check Olsen et al., 2018, and citations below. For Great Britain and Ireland check Stubbs, 2021, and citations below. Map: Ashe et al., 2005a (Ireland); Podenas et al., 2006 (Switzerland); Boardman, 2007 (Shropshire) Biology: Alexander, 1920r (larva, habitat). Figure references: Head: Podenas et al., 2006 (antenna) Wing: Ribeiro, 2008 Hypopygium: Podenas et al., 2006; Ribeiro, 2008 Immature stages Larva: Alexander, 1920r; Podeniene, 2003a; Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011c Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): Czech Rep. Habitat. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 52 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Habitat. Byriel and Rojas, 2017: 118 (among the 101 species in a study on cranefly hotspots in unmanaged and managed forests) (in Danish). Finland Habitat. Kahanpaa and Salmela, 2007: 43-45, 48 (found at a small stream with a width of three to five meters, a riverbed of soft muddy sediments, and surrounded by fully grown but not particularly old Spruce [Picea abies] forest, small stands of old Birch [Betula] and Aspen [Populus tremula] are present but there is little dead wood available in the forest) (this is a summary of the available habitat information in Finnish). Habitat. Autio and Salmela, 2010: 48 (habitats Aland Is). France Habitat. Kramer and Withers, 2007: 159 (marshland species with larvae in the more or less saturated organic mud of lake margins and marshes). Biology. Quindroit, 2020a: 33, 45-48 (annotated list with information on abundancy and habitat of the Tipuloidea of the Pays de la Loire regoin, distr) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit, 2020b: 141 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Habitat. Herbrecht et al., 2021: 57 (loc(s) Loire-Atlantique (44) based on malaise-trapping with notes on habitats) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit, 2021a: 36 (loc(s), resultats d une campagne de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Habitat. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 30 (loc(s) Aisne (02), Oise (60) and Somme (80) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Germany Habitat. Reiff et al., 2015: 234 (loc(s) Baden-Wurttemberg with list of habitats). Great Britain Habitat. Godfrey, 2001a: 21. Habitat. Boardman, 2007: 72 (marsh and swamp carr, Shropshire habitats are close to watercourses). Habitat. Phillips, 2007: 150 (pool on raised beach and cliffs). Habitat. Cranston and Drake, 2010: 175 (larvae can be found in marginal situations along flowing and standing waters). Habitat. Drake, 2011a: 25 (among the Diptera from a wet Alder [Alnus] wood in Devon). Habitat. Kramer, 2011j: 20 (a common marshland species). Habitat. Alexander, 2015: 3 (result of a study on sampling techniques in Cornwall, showing productive pitfall-trapping for moorland crane flies). Habitat. Showers, 2015: 2 (on craneflies in moth traps at Pitsford Water Nature Reserve in 2013 and 2014, including information for the two traps and photos of their habitat). Ireland Habitat. Ashe et al., 2008: 14 (a species of ponds and marshes). Lithuania Habitat. Podeniene, 2001a: 84 (larvae were found in the intertidal zone of a small river in silt and leaf fallings). Habitat. Podeniene and Gelhaus, 2002: 68 (larvae in the riparian zone of river, in sand and silt covered with vegetation). Habitat. Podeniene, 2002: 297, 299, 301 (larvae were found in mud and leaf litter in low-laying forest marsh (Carici elongatae-Alnetum), in mud on the bank of small rivulet in mixed (Vaccinio-Piceion) forest, and in mud among roots of Phragmites and other plants on lake shore (littoral zone habitat Phragmitetalia)). Habitat. Podeniene, 2003a: 1-295 (larva, descr, figs, habitat) (in Lithuanian). Habitat. Podeniene, 2003b: 10, 21, 22, 28 (larval habitat: sand and silt in riparian zone of small rivulets and littoral zone of lakes, mud (in springy slopes of lakes and rivers, in bogs of low lying woody swamps), clay in land-improvement channels). Netherlands Habitat. Cuppen, 2009: 7 (larvae are probably common in brooks). Poland Habitat. Wiedenska, 2014: 12 (on the occurence of Limoniidae in six selected plant communities in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians, found only in bog spring with Caltha-Chaerophyllum) (in Polish, habitat tables also in English). Phenology. Wiedenska, 2015a: 52 (on the flight activity of Limoniidae in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians) (in Polish, tables also in English). Habitat. Wiedenska, 2017a: 14 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Romania Habitat. Ujvarosi, 2005a: 247 (brooks, small river, swamp, moist soil, citing various sources). Habitat. Ujvarosi and Poti, 2006: 256, 260 (habitat in Dupa Lunca marshland: swamp with bushes and trees). Habitat. Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: 108 (loc(s) Dupa Lanca marshy area near Voslobeni) (in Hungarian, species list with habitat information in English). Russia Habitat. Przhiboro, 2004: 103, 111 (in Russian). Habitat. Chuzhekova, 2015: 212 (on macrozoobenthos communities in spring brooks of Middle Volga) (PhD thesis, in Russian, 242 pages; for English summary see Chuzhekova, 2016, 37 pages). Spain Habitat. Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: 11 (deciduous forest and lakes). Sweden Habitat. Lindstrom and Fritz, 2015: 44, 48 (distributin and ecology in five fens in Hallands County) (in Schwedish). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): Country not relevant Characters. Frantsevich, 2004: 133 (structure of coxa). Phylogeny. Ribeiro, 2008: 627-694 (included in phylogenetic analysis of Limnophilinae and Tipulomorpha, figs). Characters. Drake and Stubbs, 2014: 184-185 (comparison). Great Britain Characters. Boardman, 2007: 32, 72 (characters). Lithuania Immatures. Podeniene, 2003a: 1-295 (larva, descr, figs, habitat) (in Lithuanian). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Distribution. Reusch and Heiss, 2012: 333-342 (loc(s) Nat. Park Gesause, see PDF for months and altitudes). Belarus First record. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 214 (loc(s) Minsk region). Belgium Distribution. Martens et al., 2013: 125 (loc(s) Oost-Vlaanderen). Distribution. Martens et al., 2014: 114, 124 (loc(s) Oost-Vlaanderen). Distribution. Dek and Peeters, 2023a: 139 (loc(s) Botanic Garden Jean Massart, Brussels-Capital Region, common in Belgium). Bosnia-Herzegowina Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 446 (review literature). Bulgaria Distribution. Hubenov, 2021a: 31 (checklist with summary of distr in Bulgaria, references). Channel Is Distribution. Stubbs, 2022b: 5 (on a collection of craneflies from Jersey, collected between 1985 and 2002 by Tony Warne). Czech Rep. Distribution. Stary et al., 2005a: 29 (loc(s)). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Distribution. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 52 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Distribution. Petersen and Jong, 2001b: 151 (checklist). Estonia Distribution. Stary, 2004f: (Fauna Europaea: added Estonia). Finland Distribution. Salmela, 2002: 30-32 (loc(s) lake Iidesjarvi) (in Finnish). Distribution. Kahanpaa and Salmela, 2007: 48 (loc(s)). Distribution. Salmela et al., 2007b: 45 (loc(s)). Distribution. Autio and Salmela, 2010: 48 (loc(s) Aland Is). Distribution. Salmela, 2012b: 239 (annotated list of Finnish crane flies). Distribution. Salmela and Petrasiunas, 2014: 28 (checklist Finnish Tipulomorpha). France Distribution. Kramer and Withers, 2007: 159, 163 (loc(s) Ain (01)). Distribution. Withers, 2008: 137 (loc(s) Ain (01)). Distribution. Garrin and Herbrecht, 2016: Annexe 11 (loc(s) Notre-Dame-des-Landes, Loire-Atlantique (44)). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020a: 33, 45-48 (annotated list with information on abundancy and habitat of the Tipuloidea of the Pays de la Loire regoin, distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020b: 141 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Herbrecht et al., 2021: 57 (loc(s) Loire-Atlantique (44) based on malaise-trapping with notes on habitats) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit, 2021a: 36 (loc(s), resultats d une campagne de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 30 (loc(s) Aisne (02), Oise (60) and Somme (80) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 38 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Hauts-de-France region). Distribution. Quindroit and Racine, 2025: 359 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Pays de la Loire region). Germany Distribution. Schacht, 1999: 134 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Reusch and Oosterbroek, 2000: 156 (checklist German Bundeslander). Distribution. Reusch and Bellstedt, 2001b: 72 (checklist Thuringen). Distribution. Schacht, 2005: 6 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Hable et al., 2010b: 92 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Schacht, 2010: 18 (checklist Diptera Bayern). Distribution. Dunk and Kraus, 2014: 170 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Reiff et al., 2015: 234 (loc(s) Baden-Wurttemberg with list of habitats). Distribution. Stuke, 2019: 146 (checklist Niedersachsen and Bremen with reference to original sources). Distribution. Kehlmaier et al., 2023: 210 (loc(s) Saarland). Distribution. Stuke et al., 2024: 161 (loc(s) Niedersachsen). Great Britain Distribution. Godfrey, 2001a: 21 (recorded from sites in Shropshire and just over the country border in Montgmeryshire; see paper for details). Distribution. Hewitt et al., 2005: 38 (loc(s) Cumbria). Distribution. Boardman, 2007: 32, 72 (loc(s), map). Distribution. Phillips, 2007: 150 (loc(s) Isle of Rum). Distribution. Ribeiro, 2008: 693 (loc(s) Hertfordshire). Distribution. Skidmore, 2009: 128 (review of occurrence on the Western Isles of Scotland, distr). Distribution. Drake, 2011a: 25 (loc(s) Devon). Distribution. Hancock, 2011a: 2 (loc(s) Coll, Southern Inner Hebrides). Distribution. Kramer, 2011j: 20 (loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55)). Distribution. Hewitt, 2014: (provisional checklist Cumbrian Diptera). Distribution. Wolton et al., 2014: 27 (among Diptera associated with a hedge in Devon). Distribution. Alexander, 2015: 3 (result of a study on sampling techniques in Cornwall, showing productive pitfall-trapping for moorland crane flies). Distribution. Chandler, 2015: 89 (loc(s) Bushy Park, Middlesex). Distribution. Showers, 2015: 2 (on craneflies in moth traps at Pitsford Water Nature Reserve in 2013 and 2014, including information for the two traps and photos of their habitat). Distribution. Drake, 2016: 20 (study on the relative importance to Diptera of pasture and ditch margins on Catcott Reserve, Somerset). Distribution. Brighton, 2017c: 28 (overall regional checklist Lancashire and Cheshire (VC58, 59 and 60) with notes on habitats and/or regional occurrence and/or status; see paper for details). Distribution. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: 13 (info on the species, on the distr and map of loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55)). Greece First record. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 214 (loc(s) Eastern Macedonia and Thrace). Ireland Distribution. Ashe et al., 2005a: 317, 333-334 (review Irish records). Distribution. Ashe et al., 2008: 14 (additional Irish record(s), distr). Distribution. Chandler et al., 2008: 12 (checklist). Kazakhstan First record. Devyatkov, 2020d: 271 (loc(s) East Kazakhstan, distr, first record for the Eastpalaearctic) (in Russian). Latvia Distribution. Stary, 2004f: (Fauna Europaea: added Latvia). Lithuania Distribution. Podeniene, 2001a: 84 (loc(s)). Distribution. Podeniene and Gelhaus, 2002: 68 (loc(s)). Distribution. Podeniene, 2002: 297, 299, 301 (loc(s)). Distribution. Pakalniskis et al., 2006: 23 (checklist). Montenegro Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 446 (review literature). Netherlands Distribution. Jong and Oosterbroek, 2002b: 32 (checklist). Distribution. Cuppen, 2009: 7 (loc(s) larval records). Distribution. Barendregt, 2015: 9 (loc(s) prov. Groningen). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Dek, 2020: 17 (Limoniidae and Tipulidae Nationaal Park Hollandse Duinen in 2018, Zuid-Holland). Distribution. Stary, 2020a: 45 (Limoniidae Kaaistoep, Noord-Brabant). Distribution. Hoven, 2022: 24 (loc(s) Gelderland). Distribution. Hoven, 2024: 13 (loc(s) Limburg). North Macedonia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 446 (review literature). Norway Distribution. Olsen et al., 2018: 160-161 (annotated checklist Nordic countries and for Norway according to the Strand regions). Poland Distribution. Wiedenska, 2007a: 76 (checklist). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2010: 135 (loc(s) Parku Krajobrazowego Wzniesien Lodzkich, Lodz). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2014: 12 (on the occurence of Limoniidae in six selected plant communities in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians, found only in bog spring with Caltha-Chaerophyllum) (in Polish, habitat tables also in English). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2015b: 56 (loc(s) near Lodz). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2017a: 14 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Distribution. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: 132 (loc(s) Bieszczady Mountains, distr and remarks). Romania Distribution. Parvu, 2006: 260 (loc(s)). Distribution. Ujvarosi and Poti, 2006: 256, 260 (loc(s) eastern Carpathians). Distribution. Ujvarosi, 2007: 228-231 (checklist Limoniidae). Distribution. Parvu, 2008: 418 (loc(s) Bucuresti and surroundings, citing Astanei, 1979) (as discoidalis). Distribution. Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: 108 (loc(s) Dupa Lanca marshy area near Voslobeni) (in Hungarian, species list with habitat information in English). Russia Distribution. Przhiboro, 2004: 103, 111 (loc(s) RUW: Leningradskaya oblast) (in Russian). Distribution. Polevoi and Humala, 2007: 135 (RUN: list of Diptera of Chukozero area, Kareliya) (in Russian). Distribution. Humala and Polevoi, 2009: 66 (loc(s) RUN: Kareliya) (in Russian). Distribution. Polevoi and Humala, 2009: 114 (RUN: loc(s) Mount Vottovaara, Kareliya) (in Russian). Distribution. Gavryushin in litt., 2011f: (loc(s) RUN: Arkhangelskaya oblast). Distribution. Gavryushin in litt., 2012e: (loc(s) RUE: Bashkortostan Rep.). Distribution. Jakovlev et al., 2014: 309 (loc(s) RUN: Kareliya). Distribution. Paramonov, 2014: 39-43 (revision coll. Eversmann), loc(s) RUE: Tatarstan Rep.) (in Russian. Distribution. Chuzhekova, 2015: 212 (on macrozoobenthos communities in spring brooks of Middle Volga) (PhD thesis, in Russian, 242 pages; for English summary see Chuzhekova, 2016, 37 pages). Distribution. Gavryushin in litt., 2015a: (loc(s) RUE: Bashkortostan Rep.). Distribution. Paramonov and Pilipenko, 2016: 98 (loc(s) RUC: Tverskaya oblast) (in Russian). Distribution. Paramonov and Korobkov, 2019: 98 (loc(s) RUC: Tverskaya oblast, distr, citing various authors) (in Russian). Distribution. Pilipenko et al., 2020: 359 (loc(s) RUC: Mordoviya Rep., distr). Serbia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 446 (review literature). Slovakia Distribution. Stary, 2009d: 26 (loc(s) Polana area). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Slovenia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 446 (review literature). Spain Distribution. Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: 55 (checklist). Distribution. Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: 11 (loc(s), Spanish provinces, distr). Sweden Distribution. Salmela, 2010b: 133 (loc(s) Malmo). Distribution. Fritz and Lindstrom, 2013: 63 (loc(s) Hallands County) (in Schwedish). Distribution. Lindstrom and Fritz, 2015: 44, 48 (distributin and ecology in five fens in Hallands County) (in Schwedish). Switzerland Distribution. Podenas et al., 2006: 149, 326 (map, vertical distr per thermic level). Turkey First record. Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: 11 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Bilgin et al., 2015: 6 (loc(s) Eskisehir, distr) (in Turkish). Distribution. Koc et al., 2016: 11 (provinces Marmara region). Distribution. Akpinar and Ozgul, 2023: 55 (loc(s) Aksaray). Distribution. Provinces Asiatic part, 2025: (known from Artvin, Eskisehir, Marmara region). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Belarus Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 7. Belgium Martens et al., 2013: month(s): 7. Martens et al., 2014: month(s): 9. Dek and Peeters, 2023a: month(s): 6-9. Channel Is Stubbs, 2022b: month(s): 6, 10. Czech Rep. Stary et al., 2005a: month(s): 4-9. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: month(s): 6-8. France Kramer and Withers, 2007: month(s): 6. Quindroit, 2020a: month(s): 5-7, 9-10. Quindroit, 2020b: month(s): 4-7, 9. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: month(s): 5-9. Germany Reiff et al., 2015: month(s): 9. Kehlmaier et al., 2023: month(s): 6. Stuke et al., 2024: month(s): 6. Great Britain Godfrey, 2001a: month(s): 5. Phillips, 2007: month(s): 8. Ribeiro, 2008: month(s): 6-7. Hancock, 2011a: month(s): 6. Kramer, 2011j: month(s): 5-7. Chandler, 2015: month(s): 5-10. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: month(s): 6-8 (10). Greece Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 5. Ireland Ashe et al., 2005a: month(s): 5-10. Ashe et al., 2008: month(s): 6. Kazakhstan Devyatkov, 2020d: month(s): 6-9. Netherlands Barendregt, 2015: month(s): 5. Oosterbroek and Dek, 2020: month(s): 6. Hoven, 2022: month(s): 6. Hoven, 2024: month(s): 5. Poland Wiedenska, 2014: month(s): 8. Wiedenska, 2015a: month(s): 7, 9. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: month(s): 7. Romania Parvu, 2006: month(s): 6-7. Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: month(s): 6. Russia Gavryushin in litt., 2011f: month(s): 8. Gavryushin in litt., 2012e: month(s): 8. Paramonov, 2014: month(s): 5. Gavryushin in litt., 2015a: month(s): 7. Paramonov and Pilipenko, 2016: month(s): 6, 8-9. Paramonov and Korobkov, 2019: month(s): 6. Pilipenko et al., 2020: month(s): 9. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: month(s): 5-7, 9-10. Spain Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: month(s): 4-6. Switzerland Podenas et al., 2006: month(s): 5-9. Turkey Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: month(s): 6. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): Belarus Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 155 m. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2021a: altitude: 50-720 m. Germany Reiff et al., 2015: altitude: 666 m. Stuke et al., 2024: altitude: 150-170 m. Greece Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 3 m. Kazakhstan Devyatkov, 2020d: altitude: 300-1170 m. Poland Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: altitude: 600-650 m. Romania Ujvarosi and Poti, 2006: altitude: 670 m. Russia Gavryushin in litt., 2011f: altitude: 14 m. Gavryushin in litt., 2012e: altitude: 498-531 m. Gavryushin in litt., 2015a: altitude: 510-551 m. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: altitude: 630-780 m. Spain Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: altitude: 450-800 m. Turkey Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: altitude: 1250 m.