Details for Chionea araneoides

Name: Chionea araneoides Dalman, 1816 Publication: K. Svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. (3) 19: 102 (as Chionea) Status: Recognized taxon, Synonym(s): dalmani Loew, 1871; minuta Tahvonen, 1932; hrabei Kratochvil, 1936; racovitzai Burghele-Balacesco, 1969. Classification: Family Limoniidae Subfamily Chioneinae Revision: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008. Keys: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008 (European Chionea); Christian, 2009 (Chionea Austria); Vanin, 2010 (Palaearctic Chionea s.str.) habitus male habitus female habitus female habitus female habitus copula plus 12 more images of body part(s), body part(s), hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor, habitat, habitat, habitat and habitat. Distribution: Austria, Czech Rep., Finland, Germany, Hungary, Italy (Aosta, Sondrio, Trento, Verona, Vicenza), Norway, Poland (south), Romania (Transylvanian Alps), Slovakia (Tatra), Slovenia (Triglav), Sweden, Switzerland (Graubunden); Russia: RUN, RUW, RUE;; Russia: WS. Note: see the manual for abbreviations: present-day Russia. Region(s): Westpalaearctic;; Eastpalaearctic General note: Records from Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Denmark, France, Hungary and the Netherlands refer to other species (for details see Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008; Denmark being listed in Olsen et al., 2018, probably after Peteresen and de Jong, 2001b). For Finland check Salmela, 2012b, 2012c, and citations below. For Norway check Olsen et al., 2018, and citations below. Map: Podenas et al., 2006 (Switzerland) (but see remark in Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008) Biology: Hardy et al., 2020 (on high altitude craneflies). Figure references: Habitus: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008 (female, after Kratochvil, 1936a); Hagvar et al., 2010 (female and copula) Head: Podenas et al., 2006 (antenna); Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008 (antenna, after Krzeminski, 1982); Christian, 2009 (antenna) Hypopygium: Alexander, 1932f; Stary and Rozkosny, 1970a; Podenas et al., 2006; Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008 (after Savchenko, 1982g) Ovipositor: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008 (after Suss, 1982) Immature stages Larva: Alexander, 1920r Miscellaneous Hagvar et al., 2010 (snowy open forest habitat) Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Biology. Thaler, 2002: 48 (habitats; altitudes; maximum activity in december-january). Country not relevant Biology. Soszynska, 2004: 487 (has low supercooling points and can be active in a supercooled state. Wojtusiak (1950) also indicates that Ch. araneoides prefers lower temperatures than other winter-active species, and Hagvar (1971) reports that it is active at –6°C. Germany Habitat. Blick and Fritze, 2009: 121-124 (collected from 12 sites which are all talus habitats (rocky or stony debris) or at the foot of granitic rocks). Habitat. Bellstedt et al., 2014: 5-14, 23 (loc(s) Thuringen, with habitat description and photo). Habitat. Klesser et al., 2024: 13 (detailed discussion on habitats including caves, temperatures, and snow preferences). Italy Habitat. Avesani and Latella, 2016: 11-16 (loc(s) and ecology caves Lissini Mountains, Verona). Norway Biology. Hagvar et al., 2010: 171-174 (extensive notes on ecology and behaviour incl. graphs and figures). Biology. Hagvar, 2010: 286-287, 295 (cold tolerance, phenology, egg-laying, using snow surface, citing various authors). Habitat. Hagvar et al., 2013: 176-181 (usually regarded as a typical forest-living species but also found above treeline in varous alpine habitats at high altitude, 1465 m; habitat descriptions with photos; discussion on habitat choice in general and at high altitudes). Russia Habitat. Stolbov et al., 2018: 13 (found in Siberian Pine-Spruce-Fir [Pinus-Picea-Abies] forest). Sweden Phenology. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 173 (in north Sweden the period of activity lasts until far in June, citing Mendl et al., 1977). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Key. Christian, 2009: 363-364 (key, figs). Country not relevant Characters. Vanin, 2008: 415-416 (comparison). Characters. Vanin, 2010: 6-12 (comparison). Phylogeny. de Jong and Ciliberti, 2014: 563-589 (paper deals with the phylogeny (based on an extensive matrix of morphological characters), historical biogeography and ecological niche modelling at the species and species-group level; see paper for details). Germany Taxonomy. Klesser et al., 2024: 1-16 (COI barcoding. Summary: first evidence of two types of males for the species, a small and a larger male type). Sweden Revision. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 173-182, 185-188 (revision, synonymy, diagnosis, comparison, key, figs). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Distribution. Thaler and Knoflach, 2001: 200 (loc(s)). Distribution. Thaler, 2002: 48 (loc(s)). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 186 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Christian, 2009: 367, 376 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Hardy et al., 2020: 19 (on high altitude craneflies, citing Thaler and Knoflach, 2001). Country not relevant Distribution. de Jong and Ciliberti, 2014: 563-589 (paper deals with the phylogeny (based on an extensive matrix of morphological characters), historical biogeography and ecological niche modelling at the species and species-group level; see paper for details). Czech Rep. Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Denmark Distribution not confirmed. Petersen and de Jong, 2001b: 148 (checklist) (not confirmed by Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008) (listed again for Denmark in Olsen et al., 2018, probably after Peteresen and de Jong, 2001b). Finland Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Salmela, 2012b: 236 (annotated list of Finnish crane flies). Distribution. Salmela and Petrasiunas, 2014: 24 (checklist Finnish Tipulomorpha). Distribution. Klesser et al., 2024: 10-11 (loc(s) [mentioned in phylogentic tree], map). Germany First record. Blick and Fritze, 2009: 121-124 (details on collecting and distribution in Bayern). Distribution. Schacht, 2010: 16 (checklist Diptera Bayern). Distribution. Bellstedt et al., 2014: 5-14, 23 (loc(s) Thuringen, with habitat description and photo). Distribution. Blick and Zaenker, 2016: 265-270 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Stuke, 2019: 141 (checklist Niedersachsen and Bremen with reference to original sources). Distribution. Klesser et al., 2024: 1-16 (COI barcoding. Summary: The analyses revealed two distinct lineages, one in the Bavarian Forest and a second one in all other more northern locations up to Scandinavia. These lineages likely go back to post-Pleistocene isolation and should be studied in more detail in the future, also to confirm the taxonomic status of both lineages). Distribution. Klesser et al., 2024: 10-11 (loc(s) Bayern, Niedersachsen, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Hessen, Thuringen, map). Hungary First record. Papp, 2009: 227 (loc(s)). Italy Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Vanin, 2010: 12 (loc(s) Vicenza, distr). Distribution. Avesani and Latella, 2016: 11-16 (loc(s) and ecology caves Lissini Mountains, Verona). Norway Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Hagvar et al., 2010: 166-172 (distr, map, very common in the south, only 2 records in the north). Distribution. Hagvar and Hagvar, 2011: 191 (results from pitfall trapping under snow during two winters in a South-Norwegian Spruce [Picea] forest). Distribution. Hagvar et al., 2013: 176-181 (loc(s), discussion on distribution and abundance in Norway, compared to C. crassipes). Distribution. Olsen et al., 2018: 152-153 (annotated checklist Nordic countries and for Norway according to the Strand regions). Poland Distribution. Wiedenska, 2007a: 74 (checklist). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). Romania Distribution. Ujvarosi, 2007: 228-231 (checklist Limoniidae). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). Russia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Stolbov et al., 2018: 13 (loc(s) WS (Tyumen oblast), first confirmation for East Palaearctic Russia). Distribution. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 25-26 (loc(s) RUE: Bashkortostan Rep.). Slovakia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Slovenia First record. Novak et al., 2007: 51 (loc(s), distr, map). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (distr). Sweden Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 185-187 (type-loc(s), loc(s), distr). Switzerland Distribution. Podenas et al., 2006: 76, 87, 207 (figs, map) (but see remark in Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 187 (loc(s), distr). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 1. Christian, 2009: month(s): 9-3. Czech Rep. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 10, 1-3. Finland Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 11-3. Germany Blick and Fritze, 2009: month(s): 9-5. Bellstedt et al., 2014: month(s): 4. Hungary Papp, 2009: month(s): 2. Italy Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 12-1. Vanin, 2010: month(s): 1. Norway Hagvar et al., 2010: month(s): 10-2, 4. Hagvar and Hagvar, 2011: month(s): 10-2. Hagvar et al., 2013: month(s): 11-3. Poland Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 1-2. Romania Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 1-3. Russia Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 11. Stolbov et al., 2018: month(s): 12. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 9. Slovakia Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 2. Switzerland Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 9, 12-3. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Thaler and Knoflach, 2001: altitude: 3035 m. Thaler, 2002: altitude: 700-3035 m. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 700-3035 m. Christian, 2009: altitude: 850-3035 m. Hardy et al., 2020: altitude: 3035 m. Germany Blick and Fritze, 2009: altitude: 760-1350 m. Bellstedt et al., 2014: altitude: 780-812 m. Blick and Zaenker, 2016: altitude: 1711 m. Italy Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 1300-1950 m. Avesani and Latella, 2016: altitude: 1711 m. Norway Hagvar et al., 2010: altitude: 400-1200 m. Hagvar et al., 2013: altitude: 1029-1465 m. Poland Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 600-1600 m. Romania Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 1100-1200 m. Russia Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 800 m. Slovakia Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 900-1600 m. Switzerland Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 1200-2300 m.