Details for Ilisia maculata

Name: Ilisia maculata (Meigen, 1804) Publication: Klass. Beschr. 1: 51 (as Erioptera) Status: Recognized taxon. Classification: Family Limoniidae Subfamily Chioneinae Keys: Peeters en Oosterbroek, 2014c (craneflies Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) (in Dutch); Boardman, 2016 (craneflies Shropshire); Stubbs and Kramer, 2016i; Stubbs, 2021 (British craneflies) habitus male habitus male habitus female habitus female body part(s) head and thorax plus 17 more images of hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat and habitat. Distribution: Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Rep., Denmark, Estonia, France (incl. Corsica), Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy (incl. Sicily), Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey (European part: widespread), Ukraine; Russia: RUW, RUC, RUE, RUS, North Caucasus; Morocco; Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey (Asiatic part: widespread), Iran. Note: see the manual for abbreviations: present-day Russia. Region(s): Westpalaearctic General note: Added: Spain (Geiger et al., 1994: Gerona). For Italy check Stary and Oosterbroek, 1996, and citations below. For Norway check Olsen et al., 2018, and citations below. For Great Britain and Ireland check Stubbs, 2021, and citations below. For Morocco check Kettani and Oosterbroek, 2022a, and citations below. Not listed for Armenia by Hakobyan and Jenderedjian, 2023 but first records in Obona et al., 201. Map: Podenas et al., 2006 (Switzerland); Ashe et al., 2007b (Ireland); Boardman, 2007 (Shropshire) Figure references: Wing: Podenas et al., 2006 Hypopygium: Stary and Rozkosny, 1970a; Podenas et al., 2006; Kramer and Morris, 2022a Immature stages Larva: Podeniene, 2003a; Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011c Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): Azerbaijan Habitat. Stary and Obona, 2020: 133 (loc(s); with list of localities, habitats and altitudes). Belgium Habitat. Tack et al., 2021: 194 (loc(s) Antwerpen, alle taxa biodiversiteit inventarisatie Bos t Ename, nat bos, vochtig bos, verlanding en moeras (in Dutch), see paper for description). Bulgaria Habitat. Hubenov, 2025a: suppl: 3 (annotated list Diptera Stara Planina Mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Habitat. Hubenov, 2025b: suppl: 4 (annotated list Diptera high Bulgarian mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Country not relevant Biology. Olsen et al., 2018: 138-139 (a marshland and wet woodland species with larvae in more or less saturated organic mud of swamps, lake margins, marshes (Boardman 2007, 2016, Kramer & Withers 2007, Noll 1985, Podeniene 2003) and deciduous forests (Beling 1879, Crisp & Lloyd 1954); in Norway it was collected in a ravine with moist environment in valley bottom, drier along valley sides (see habitat photo); the period of flight is may-october). Czech Rep. Habitat. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 56 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Habitat. Byriel and Rojas, 2017: 118 (among the 101 species in a study on cranefly hotspots in unmanaged and managed forests) (in Danish). France Habitat. Kramer and Withers, 2007: 159 (marshland species with larvae in the more or less saturated organic mud of lake margins and marshes). Habitat. Kramer, 2007a: 33 (adults were collected along lake margins). Habitat. Kramer, 2007a: 33 (adults were collected at an open marsh). Biology. Quindroit, 2020a: 27, 45-48 (annotated list with information on abundancy and habitat of the Tipuloidea of the Pays de la Loire regoin, distr) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit, 2020b: 137 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit, 2021a: 36 (loc(s), resultats d une campagne de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Habitat. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 26 (loc(s) Aisne (02), Oise (60) and Somme (80) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Georgia Habitat. Stary and Obona, 2020: 133 (loc(s); with list of localities, habitats and altitudes). Germany Habitat. Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: 129 (from spring brooks). Great Britain Habitat. Godfrey, 2000a: 19, 21. Habitat. Godfrey, 2001a: 21, 23. Habitat. Godfrey, 2003a: 22, 43 (this almost certainly non-xylophagous species was reared from a wet wood sample, probably from the mud adhering to the woody sample; review literature). Habitat. Boardman, 2007: 49 (found in moist woodlands). Habitat. Drake, 2011a: 24 (among the Diptera from a wet Alder [Alnus] wood in Devon). Habitat. Kramer, 2011j: 25 (a marshland species). Habitat. Stubbs, 2018b: 2 (prefers wet scrub carr). Phenology. Weddle, 2020: 89 (loc(s) Glasgow Botanic Gardens, Scotland; collected in a moth trap). Lithuania Habitat. Podeniene, 2003a: 1-295 (larva, descr, figs, habitat) (in Lithuanian). Habitat. Podeniene, 2003b: 11, 28 (larval habitat: in mud of low-lying swamps, swampy margins of rivers and lakes, and marshes). Habitat. Podeniene, 2009: 137 (semi-aquatic species preferring organic rich mud nearby water reservoirs). Morocco Habitat. Driauach and Belqat, 2016: 136 (loc(s) Rif Mts and Beni Snassen with list of habitats). Netherlands Habitat. Oosterbroek and Dek, 2020: 16, 20 (Limoniidae and Tipulidae Nationaal Park Hollandse Duinen in 2018, Zuid-Holland). Poland Habitat. Wiedenska, 2014: 13 (on the occurence of Limoniidae in six selected plant communities in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians, found only in bog spring with Caltha-Chaerophyllum) (in Polish, habitat tables also in English). Phenology. Wiedenska, 2015a: 53 (on the flight activity of Limoniidae in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians) (in Polish, tables also in English). Habitat. Wiedenska, 2017a: 16 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Romania Habitat. Ujvarosi, 2005a: 245 (swamps, moist soil, citing various sources). Habitat. Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: 107 (loc(s) Dupa Lanca marshy area near Voslobeni) (in Hungarian, species list with habitat information in English). Habitat. Kolcsar et al., 2013: 72 (loc(s) Cluj-Napoca and surroundings; list of habitats with altitudes). Russia Habitat. Lantsov, 2009a: 74 (ecology) (in Russian). Slovakia Biology. Obona et al., 2025a: 30 (collected in a mosquito trap at the Kosice Zoo, perhaps because of being attracted to CO2). Spain Habitat. Hancock, 2020: 98 (swept in woodland). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): Country not relevant Characters. Olsen et al., 2018: 138 (the species can easily be recognized by the colouration of the wing; 10 or more brown spots with pale centres and three large spots along the radial sector; fig). Great Britain Characters. Kramer and Morris, 2022a: 11 (diagnosis, figs). Lithuania Immatures. Podeniene, 2003a: 1-295 (larva, descr, figs, habitat) (in Lithuanian). Spain Figures. Mederos, 2018: 141-142 (figs and loc(s) Barcelona) (in Spanish). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia Distribution. Obona et al., 2016: 131, 139 (loc(s), checklist). Austria Distribution. Reusch and Heiss, 2012: 323-332 (loc(s) Nat. Park Gesause, see PDF for months and altitudes). Azerbaijan Distribution. Stary and Obona, 2020: 133 (loc(s); with list of localities, habitats and altitudes). Distribution. Snegovaya, 2021: 1143-1144 (checklist with details on distr in Azerbaijan). Belarus First record. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 131-132 (loc(s) Minsk region). Belgium Distribution. Tack et al., 2021: 194 (loc(s) Antwerpen, alle taxa biodiversiteit inventarisatie Bos t Ename, nat bos, vochtig bos, verlanding en moeras (in Dutch), see paper for description). Distribution. Dek and Peeters, 2023a: 137 (loc(s) Botanic Garden Jean Massart, Brussels-Capital Region, local in Belgium). Bosnia-Herzegowina Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 444 (review literature). Bulgaria Distribution. Hubenov, 2015: 220 (annotated list Diptera Pirin Mt, loc(s), faunistics and zoogeography). Distribution. Hubenov, 2017: 68 (on vertical distribution in the Pirin and Rila Mts; see paper for details on forests and subalpine-alpine zones, distr). Distribution. Hubenov, 2021a: 32 (checklist with summary of distr in Bulgaria, references). Distribution. Hubenov, 2025a: suppl: 3 (annotated list Diptera Stara Planina Mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Distribution. Hubenov, 2025b: suppl: 4 (annotated list Diptera high Bulgarian mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Channel Is Distribution. Stubbs, 2022b: 5 (on a collection of craneflies from Jersey, collected between 1985 and 2002 by Tony Warne). Croatia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 444 (review literature). Czech Rep. Distribution. Stary et al., 2005a: 27 (loc(s)). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Distribution. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 56 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Distribution. Petersen and Jong, 2001b: 150 (checklist). Estonia Distribution. Stary, 2004f: (Fauna Europaea: added Estonia). France Distribution. Kramer and Withers, 2007: 159, 162 (loc(s) Ain (01)). Distribution. Kramer, 2007a: 33 (loc(s) Ain (01)). Distribution. Withers, 2008: 137 (loc(s) Ain (01)). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020a: 27, 45-48 (annotated list with information on abundancy and habitat of the Tipuloidea of the Pays de la Loire regoin, distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020b: 137 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit, 2021a: 36 (loc(s), resultats d une campagne de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 26 (loc(s) Aisne (02), Oise (60) and Somme (80) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 36 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Hauts-de-France region). Distribution. Lemoine and Quindroit, 2023: 9 (loc(s) Jura (39)). Distribution. Quindroit and Racine, 2025: 358 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Pays de la Loire region). Georgia Distribution. Stary and Obona, 2020: 133 (loc(s); with list of localities, habitats and altitudes). Germany Distribution. Schacht, 1999: 135 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Reusch and Oosterbroek, 2000: 158 (checklist German Bundeslander). Distribution. Reusch and Bellstedt, 2001b: 73 (checklist Thuringen). Distribution. Schacht, 2005: 5 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: 129 (loc(s) Sachsen-Anhalt). Distribution. Hable et al., 2010b: 91 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Schacht, 2010: 17 (checklist Diptera Bayern). Distribution. Dunk and Kraus, 2014: 169 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Stuke, 2019: 143 (checklist Niedersachsen and Bremen with reference to original sources). Distribution. Stuke et al., 2020: 283 (loc(s) Niedersachsen). Distribution. Kehlmaier et al., 2023: 209 (loc(s) Saarland). Distribution. Stuke et al., 2024: 161 (loc(s) Niedersachsen). Great Britain Distribution. Godfrey, 2000a: 19, 21 (see paper for details of sites surveyed in Shropshire and into Wales). Distribution. Godfrey, 2001a: 21, 23 (recorded from sites in Shropshire and just over the country border in Montgmeryshire; see paper for details). Distribution. Godfrey, 2003a: 22, 43 (loc(s), distr, review literature). Distribution. Hewitt et al., 2005: 38 (loc(s) Cumbria) (as Erioptera). Distribution. Boardman, 2007: 49 (loc(s), map). Distribution. Skidmore, 2009: 126 (review of occurrence on the Western Isles of Scotland, distr). Distribution. Drake, 2011a: 24 (loc(s) Devon). Distribution. Kramer, 2011g: 2 (loc(s) Devon). Distribution. Kramer, 2011j: 15 (loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55)). Distribution. Kramer, 2013i: 8 (checklist of species from Leigh Woods NNR, Bristol district). Distribution. Hewitt, 2014: (provisional checklist Cumbrian Diptera). Distribution. Kramer, 2014c: 4 (in table of cranefly species recorded at Shapwick Heath NNR, as given in H. Audcent, 1949 and/or collected by J. Kramer in 2013). Distribution. Wolton et al., 2014: 27 (among Diptera associated with a hedge in Devon, caught in emergence trap). Distribution. Chandler, 2015: 89 (loc(s) Bushy Park, Middlesex). Distribution. Brighton, 2017c: 26 (overall regional checklist Lancashire and Cheshire (VC58, 59 and 60) with notes on habitats and/or regional occurrence and/or status; see paper for details). Distribution. Stubbs, 2018b: 2 (loc(s) Staffordshire). Distribution. Weddle, 2020: 89 (loc(s) Glasgow Botanic Gardens, Scotland; collected in a moth trap). Distribution. Kramer and Morris, 2022a: 11 (info on the species, on the distr and map of loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55)). Ireland Distribution. Ashe et al., 2007b: 359, 362, 376-377, 403 (review Irish records, map). Distribution. Chandler et al., 2008: 10 (checklist). Latvia Distribution. Stary, 2004f: (Fauna Europaea: added Latvia). Lithuania Distribution. Pakalniskis et al., 2006: 21 (checklist). Morocco First record. Driauach and Belqat, 2016: 136 (loc(s) Rif Mts and Beni Snassen with list of habitats). Distribution. Kettani and Oosterbroek, 2022a: 22 (annotated checklist, with review loc(s) and/or references). Netherlands Distribution. Jong and Oosterbroek, 2002b: 29 (checklist). Distribution. Cuppen, 2009: 7 (loc(s) larval records). Distribution. Cuppen, 2009: 7 (loc(s) larval records). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Dek, 2020: 16, 20 (Limoniidae and Tipulidae Nationaal Park Hollandse Duinen in 2018, Zuid-Holland). Distribution. Hoven, 2024: 13 (loc(s) Limburg). North Macedonia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 444 (review literature). Norway First record. Olsen et al., 2018: 138, 154-155 (loc(s) TEY, Skien; distr; annotated checklist Nordic countries and for Norway according to the Strand regions). Poland Distribution. Wiedenska, 2007a: 75 (checklist). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2008: 45 (loc(s) Parowy Janinowski nature reserve near Lodz) (in Polish). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2010: 133 (loc(s) Parku Krajobrazowego Wzniesien Lodzkich, Lodz). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2014: 13 (on the occurence of Limoniidae in six selected plant communities in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians, found only in bog spring with Caltha-Chaerophyllum) (in Polish, habitat tables also in English). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2017a: 16 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Distribution. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: 137 (loc(s) Bieszczady Mountains, distr and remarks). Romania Distribution. Ujvarosi, 2007: 228-231 (checklist Limoniidae). Distribution. Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: 107 (loc(s) Dupa Lanca marshy area near Voslobeni) (in Hungarian, species list with habitat information in English). Distribution. Kolcsar et al., 2013: 72 (loc(s) Cluj-Napoca and surroundings; list of habitats with altitudes). Russia Distribution. Lantsov, 2003e: 80 (loc(s) Caucasus region, distr). Distribution. Lantsov, 2009a: 74 (loc(s) Central Caucasus, distr). Distribution. Paramonov, 2015: 68 (loc(s) RUS: Saratovskaya oblast) (in Russian). Distribution. Paramonov and Pilipenko, 2016: 97 (loc(s) RUC: Tverskaya oblast) (in Russian). Distribution. Paramonov and Korobkov, 2019: 93 (loc(s) RUC: Tverskaya oblast, distr, citing various authors) (in Russian). Distribution. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 131-132 (loc(s) RUE: Tatarstan Rep.). Serbia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 444 (review literature). Slovakia Distribution. Stary, 2009d: 29 (loc(s) Polana area). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Distribution. Obona et al., 2025a: 30 (collected in a mosquito trap at the Kosice Zoo, perhaps because of being attracted to CO2). Slovenia First record. Kolcsar et al., 2023b: 22-23 (loc(s)). Spain Distribution. Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: 54 (checklist). Distribution. Stary, 2014b: 85 (loc(s) Malaga). Distribution. Mederos, 2018: 141-142 (figs and loc(s) Barcelona) (in Spanish). Distribution. Mederos et al., 2019b: 213 (Barcelona: checklist Parc Natural Serra de Collserola). Distribution. Hancock, 2020: 98 (loc(s) Jaen, Cazorla National Park). Distribution. Mederos et al., 2025b: 159 (loc(s) Lerida, distr). Sweden Distribution. Salmela, 2010b: 133 (loc(s) Malmo). Switzerland Distribution. Podenas et al., 2006: 105, 274 (map, vertical distr per thermic level). Distribution. Dufour and Merz, 2012: 354 (annotated checklist canton Geneva). Turkey Distribution. Koc et al., 2005b: 616 (checklist). Distribution. Ozgul et al., 2009: 64 (survey provinces SW Turkey). Distribution. Bilgin et al., 2015: 5 (loc(s) Eskisehir, distr) (in Turkish). Distribution. Koc et al., 2016: 10 (provinces Marmara region). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia Obona et al., 2016: month(s): 8-9. Azerbaijan Stary and Obona, 2020: month(s): 5. Belarus Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 7. Belgium Dek and Peeters, 2023a: month(s): 5, 9. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2015: month(s): 6. Channel Is Stubbs, 2022b: month(s): 6. Czech Rep. Stary et al., 2005a: month(s): 5-8. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: month(s): 5-8. France Kramer and Withers, 2007: month(s): 6. Kramer, 2007a: month(s): 6. Quindroit, 2020a: month(s): 5, 7. Quindroit, 2020b: month(s): 4-5, 7-8, 10. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: month(s): 4-6, 9. Lemoine and Quindroit, 2023: month(s): 5. Georgia Stary and Obona, 2020: month(s): 5, 7. Germany Kehlmaier et al., 2023: month(s): 6. Stuke et al., 2024: month(s): 6. Great Britain Godfrey, 2000a: month(s): 6. Godfrey, 2001a: month(s): 5. Kramer, 2011j: month(s): 6, 8-9. Kramer, 2014c: month(s): 6. Chandler, 2015: month(s): 7-8. Stubbs, 2018b: month(s): 6. Ireland Ashe et al., 2007b: month(s): 5-9. Morocco Driauach and Belqat, 2016: month(s): 4, 11. Netherlands Oosterbroek and Dek, 2020: month(s): 5. Hoven, 2024: month(s): 5. Norway Olsen et al., 2018: month(s): 6. Poland Wiedenska, 2008: month(s): 6. Wiedenska, 2014: month(s): 6, 8. Wiedenska, 2015a: month(s): 6-8. Wiedenska, 2017a: month(s): 6-8. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: month(s): 6-7, 9. Romania Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: month(s): 5. Kolcsar et al., 2013: month(s): 10. Russia Lantsov, 2003e: month(s): 7. Lantsov, 2009a: month(s): 9. Paramonov, 2015: month(s): 8. Paramonov and Pilipenko, 2016: month(s): 6, 8-9. Paramonov and Korobkov, 2019: month(s): 7. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 8. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: month(s): 5-7. Slovenia Kolcsar et al., 2023b: month(s): 7. Spain Stary, 2014b: month(s): 4. Mederos, 2018: month(s): 6. Hancock, 2020: month(s): 5-6. Mederos et al., 2025b: month(s): 5. Switzerland Podenas et al., 2006: month(s): 5-10. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia Obona et al., 2016: altitude: 1853-1930 m. Azerbaijan Stary and Obona, 2020: altitude: 320-595 m. Belarus Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 156-161 m. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2015: altitude: 1000 m. Hubenov, 2017: altitude: 1000 m. Hubenov, 2021a: altitude: 0-1000 m. Hubenov, 2025a: altitude: 0-1000 m. Hubenov, 2025b: altitude: 0-1000 m. Georgia Stary and Obona, 2020: altitude: 605-1560 m. Germany Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: altitude: 435 m. Stuke et al., 2024: altitude: 200-270 m. Morocco Driauach and Belqat, 2016: altitude: 751-825 m. Poland Wiedenska, 2017a: altitude: 800-970 m. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: altitude: 500-800 m. Russia Lantsov, 2003e: altitude: 650-961 m. Lantsov, 2009a: altitude: 1659 m. Paramonov, 2015: altitude: 302 m. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 60 m. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: altitude: 630-780 m. Slovenia Kolcsar et al., 2023b: altitude: 490 m.