Details for Rhipidia (Rhipidia) maculata

Name: Rhipidia (Rhipidia) maculata Meigen, 1818 Publication: Syst. Beschr. 1: 153 (as Rhipidia) Status: Recognized taxon, Synonym(s): duplicata (Doane, 1900); pauperior Kuntze, 1920; lecontei (Alexander, 1940). Classification: Family Limoniidae Subfamily Limoniinae Descriptive note: Short description in Alexander, 1943k (reprint: 1966g). Synonymy: Alexander, 1953q, 1966h, 1967k; Stary, 2007. Considered preoccupied by Limonia maculata Meigen, 1804 (see Alexander, 1953q, 1966h, 1967k) but described in Rhipidia and therefore considered not preoccupied. Keys: Podenas and Gelhaus, 2007 (Limoniinae Mongolia and nearby); Peeters en Oosterbroek, 2014c (craneflies Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) (in Dutch); Zhang, X. et al., 2014 (Rhipidia China); Boardman, 2016 (craneflies Shropshire); Podenas et al., 2016 (Rhipidia Korea); Stubbs and Kramer, 2016h; Stubbs, 2021 (British craneflies); Eichen and Gelhaus, 2025 (in key for Nearctic Dicranomyia with spotted wings) Variant spelling(s): macufata habitus male habitus male habitus male habitus male habitus male plus 50 more images of habitus, habitus, habitus, habitus, habitus, habitus, body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor, ovipositor, ovipositor, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat and habitat. Distribution: Canada, USA (Alaska to Nfld, south to Calif, Tenn and NC);; Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Rep., Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine; Russia: RUN, RUW, RUC, RUE, North Caucasus; Georgia, Armenia;; Russia: WS, ES, FE (from Magadan oblast and Kamchatka to Jewish AO, Primorskiy kray and Sakhalin (incl. Kuril Is)); Kazakhstan (east); Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku), China (see citations for provinces);; China (Yunnan). Note: see the manual for abbreviations: Canada and USA; present-day Russia. Region(s): Nearctic;; Westpalaearctic;; Eastpalaearctic;; Oriental General note: Added: NC (Alexander, 1941m). For Italy check Stary and Oosterbroek, 1996, and citations below. For Finland check Salmela, 2012b, 2012c, and citations below. For Norway check Olsen et al., 2018, and citations below. For Spain check Eiroa and Carles-Tolra, 2019, and citations below. For Portugal check Oosterbroek et al., 2020, and citations below. For Great Britain and Ireland check Stubbs, 2021, and citations below. Not listed for Corsica by Podenas et al., 1997. Map: Alexander, 1967k (California) (as duplicata); Podenas et al., 2006 (Switzerland); Boardman, 2007 (Shropshire); Podenas et al., 2016 (Korea) Biology: Alexander, 1919e, 1920r, 1924k, 1925i, 1927c, 1954a; Young, 1978 (habitat). Young and Gelhaus, 2000 (as lecontei Alexander) (habitat, phenology). Figure references: Habitus: Zhang et al., 2014 (male); Brodo et al., 2022a (male); Kramer and Morris, 2022b (male) Head: Alexander, 1919e (antenna); Alexander, 1943k (reprint: 1966g) (antenna); Slipka and Stary, 1977b (antenna); Podenas et al., 2006 (antenna); Podenas and Gelhaus, 2007 (antenna); Zhang, X. et al., 2014; Podenas et al., 2016 (antenna); Kramer and Morris, 2022b (head, antenna) Wing: Alexander, 1919e; Alexander, 1967k (as duplicata); Alexander, 1972g (as duplicata); Podenas et al., 2006; Podenas and Gelhaus, 2007; Zhang et al., 2014; Podenas et al., 2016 Hypopygium: Alexander, 1943k (reprint: 1966g); Alexander and Byers, 1981 (as lecontei); Alexander, 1967k (as duplicata); Podenas et al., 2006; Podenas and Gelhaus, 2007; Zhang, X. et al., 2014; Podenas et al., 2016; Kramer and Morris, 2022b Ovipositor: Podenas et al., 2016; Eichen and Gelhaus, 2025 Immature stages Larva: Podeniene, 2003a; Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011c Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Habitat. Aistleitner et al., 2024: 32 (loc(s) Vorarlberg, see habitat photo above). Bulgaria Habitat. Hubenov, 2025b: suppl: 7 (annotated list Diptera high Bulgarian mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Country not relevant Habitat. Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011c: 1-294 (larva: descr, figs, biology, key) (in Russian, key also in English). Czech Rep. Habitat. Stary et al., 2013b: 378 (on Limonidae from Vraz near Pisek, with general habitat description). Habitat. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 68 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Habitat. Byriel and Rojas, 2017: 118 (among the 101 species in a study on cranefly hotspots in unmanaged and managed forests) (in Danish). Finland Habitat. Salmela, 2004: 9 (heath forests). Habitat. Salmela, 2008: 11, 24, 33, 52 (49) (ecology or habitat: eurytopic, terrestrial). Habitat. Autio and Salmela, 2010: 48 (habitats Aland Is). Habitat. Halme et al., 2012: 507 (part of a study on saproxylic nematoceran communities occupying different parts of decaying fallen Aspen trunks in a boreal forest in central Finland). Habitat. Rasimus, 2018: 17 (on saproxylic craneflies in the Tampere region) (in Finnish). France Habitat. Kramer and Langlois, 2019a: 82 (on larval rotting wood habitats in the Ravin de Valbois; see paper for details). Biology. Quindroit, 2020a: 40, 45-48 (annotated list with information on abundancy and habitat of the Tipuloidea of the Pays de la Loire regoin, distr) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit, 2020b: 141 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2021a: 25 (loc(s), resultats de deux campagnes de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Habitat. Quindroit, 2021a: 36 (loc(s), resultats d une campagne de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Habitat. Quindroit, 2021c: 424, 426 (loc(s) Mercantour National Park, Alpes-Maritimes (06), common in all of France, ubiquitous; considered as common at all levels (Geiger, 1985). Habitat. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 25 (loc(s) Aisne (02), Oise (60) and Somme (80) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Germany Habitat. Reusch, 2006: 134 (Kalkquellmoor [carbonate fen complex]). Habitat. Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: 130 (from spring brooks). Habitat. Dunk, 2018: 80, 96 (loc(s) Bayern with list of habtats). Great Britain Habitat. Robertson, 1999: 31 (male on exposed sapwood of Acer). Habitat. Godfrey, 2000a: 20, 23. Habitat. Godfrey, 2001a: 22, 24. Habitat. Alexander, 2002: 90 (has been reared from a Qercus rot-hole). Habitat. Godfrey, 2003a: 20, 44 (opportunistic xylophage) (as duplicata). Habitat. Boardman, 2007: 87 (damp places). Habitat. Kramer, 2008a: 5 (at small stream in some Birch [Betula] woodland; a wood/fungivorous species). Habitat. Drake, 2011a: 25 (among the Diptera from a wet Alder [Alnus] wood in Devon). Habitat. Kramer, 2011j: 23, 25 (a common woodland species, larvae are wood-feeders). Habitat. Showers, 2015: 2 (on craneflies in moth traps at Pitsford Water Nature Reserve in 2013 and 2014, including information for the two traps and photos of their habitat). Habitat. Brighton, 2017c: 29, 40 (overall regional checklist Lancashire and Cheshire (VC58, 59 and 60) with notes on habitats and/or regional occurrence and/or status; see paper for details). Habitat. Hewitt et al., 2017: 71 (loc(s) Borrowdale, Cumbria; a wood decay associated species recorded from Borrowdale Ash [Fraxinus] pollards; see paper for details). Habitat. Stubbs, 2018b: 2 (prefers wet scrub carr, known to use cattle dung as a larval habitat but is believed to also use rotting vegetation). Phenology. Weddle, 2020: 89 (loc(s) Glasgow Botanic Gardens, Scotland; collected in a moth trap). Habitat. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: 26-27 (info on the species, on the distr and map of loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55); common species of woodland with the larvae feeding on wood). Ireland Habitat. Ashe et al., 2008: 12 (swept from rocky grass heath). Japan Biology. Hirabayashi et al., 2005: 308 (effects of construction work on crane flies in the middle reaches of the River Shinano). Korea Habitat. Podenas et al., 2016: 525 (collected close to agricultural fields surrounded by forest; the species is attracted to light). Lithuania Habitat. Podeniene, 2003a: 1-295 (larva, descr, figs, habitat) (in Lithuanian). Biology. Gorban and Podeniene, 2022: 5, 8 (loc(s); reared from Ash [Fraxinus excelsior], mycetophagous species; see paper for details). Mongolia Habitat. Gelhaus and Podenas, 2006: 290, 296 (habitat preference: 80% lotic). Habitat. Yadamsuren et al., 2015: 475 (dung, under rotten tree bark). Habitat. Oliveira and Eck, 2025: Specieslist (loc(s) Khentii aimag). Norway Habitat. Olsen and Andersen, 2021: 217 (loc(s) Innlandet, in former Hedmark, with habitats specified separately, for habitats see also Jonassen and Andersen, 2020). Poland Habitat. Wiedenska, 2014: 14 (on the occurence of Limoniidae in six selected plant communities in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians) (in Polish, habitat tables also in English). Phenology. Wiedenska, 2015a: 54 (on the flight activity of Limoniidae in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians) (in Polish, tables also in English). Habitat. Wiedenska, 2017a: 24 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Romania Habitat. Kolcsar et al., 2013: 73 (loc(s) Cluj-Napoca and surroundings; list of habitats with altitudes). Russia Habitat. Krivosheina, N.P., 2009a: 125-133 (review Russian xylophilous Limoniidae, mainly inhabiting bark and wood of decomposing trees, with new original data on larval biology) (in Russian). Habitat. Lantsov, 2009a: 74 (ecology) (in Russian). Habitat. Krivosheina, N.P., 2011a: 105-112 (larvae were found in congestions of refermenting sap on Birch [Betula] stubs, congestions of dust in cracks of Phellodendron sachalinense trunks lying on the ground, and in cracks of the bark in the butt of a Cedar trunk). Habitat. Polevoi et al., 2018: supplementary species list: emerged from fallen Aspens [Populus tremula] in Kivach Nature Reserve, Kareliya). Habitat. Paramonov, 2019c: 121 (loc(s) Jewish AO, distr, habitats, citing various authors) (in Russian). Slovakia Biology. Obona et al., 2025a: 30 (collected in a mosquito trap at the Kosice Zoo, perhaps because of being attracted to CO2). Spain Habitat. Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: 17 (meadows in Pine [Pinus] forest; marshland in deciduous forest; wet decidous forest and meadows). Sweden Habitat. Fritz and Lindstrom, 2013: 29, 63 (on distribution, habitat preference and habitat conservation in nature reserved forest and tree habitats in Hallands County) (in Schwedish). Habitat. Lindstrom and Fritz, 2015: 44, 48 (distributin and ecology in five fens in Hallands County) (in Schwedish). USA Habitat. Byers, 2002: 16 (most often found in streamside vegetation) (as duplicata). Phenology. Petersen, 2003: 33, 103 (period of flight in relation to altitude, bivoltine). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): Canada Phylogeny. Mederos et al., 2024a: 16-18 (comparison, barcoding, phylogeny). China Description. Zhang, X. et al., 2014: 203, 211-223, 233 (descr, key, comparison, figs). Country not relevant Phylogeny. Ahonen, 2007: 1-28 (included in phylogenetic analysis of Tipuloidea subfamilies relationships based on molecular data). Synonymy. Stary, 2007: 31 (type-mat and synonymy Synonymy. Stary, 2007: 31 (type-mat and synonymy pauperior). Immatures. Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011c: 1-294 (larva: descr, figs, biology, key) (in Russian, key also in English). Characters. Porter, 2022: 842 (comparison). Characters. Devyatkov, 2023b: 91 (comparison) (in Russian). Great Britain Characters. Boardman, 2007: 87 (characters). Characters. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: 26-27 (diagnosis, figs). Korea Description. Podenas et al., 2016: 519, 523-526 (descr, key, figs). Lithuania Immatures. Podeniene, 2003a: 1-295 (larva, descr, figs, habitat) (in Lithuanian). Mongolia Key. Podenas and Gelhaus, 2007: 26, 79 (key, figs). Russia Immatures. Krivosheina, N.P., 2011a: 105-112 (listing and reviewing discriminating characters with uniseriata, based on own observation and citing Brindle, 1967, and Reusch, 1988). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia First record. Obona et al., 2016: 137 (loc(s)). Distribution. Hakobyan and Jenderedjian, 2023: 1516 (annotated checklist of the craneflies of Armenia with refs, distr and flight period in Caucasus Ecoregion with refs). Austria Distribution. Reusch and Heiss, 2012: 333-342 (loc(s) Nat. Park Gesause, see PDF for months and altitudes). Distribution. Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: 141 (loc(s) Osttirol). Distribution. Aistleitner et al., 2024: 32 (loc(s) Vorarlberg, see habitat photo above). Belarus First record. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 228 (loc(s) Minsk region). Belgium Distribution. Martens et al., 2014: 114, 124 (loc(s) Oost-Vlaanderen). Distribution. Peeters in litt., 2016: (among Malaisetrap material from Jardin Massart, Brussels). Distribution. Dek and Peeters, 2023a: 140 (loc(s) Botanic Garden Jean Massart, Brussels-Capital Region, common in Belgium). Bulgaria Distribution. Hubenov, 2015: 222 (annotated list Diptera Pirin Mt, loc(s), faunistics and zoogeography). Distribution. Hubenov, 2016: 49 (annotated checklist Diptera of the Rila Mountains based on data from the literature). Distribution. Hubenov, 2017: 70 (on vertical distribution in the Pirin and Rila Mts; see paper for details on forests and subalpine-alpine zones, distr). Distribution. Hubenov, 2021a: 38 (checklist with summary of distr in Bulgaria, references). Distribution. Hubenov, 2025b: suppl: 7 (annotated list Diptera high Bulgarian mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Canada Distribution. Brodo in litt., 2009: (not known from NWT and Nunavut). Distribution. Brodo, 2017b: 21-28 (list of craneflies collected in Larose Forest, Ottawa District, Ont). Distribution. Mederos et al., 2024a: 16, 18 (loc(s) Alberta, Saskatchewan, Newfoundland) (also as lecontei). Channel Is Distribution. Stubbs, 2022b: 5 (on a collection of craneflies from Jersey, collected between 1985 and 2002 by Tony Warne and present in the Societe Jersiaise collection, identifier unknown). China Distribution. Zhang, X. et al., 2014: 223 (loc(s) Gansu, Xinjiang, Yunnan, first record for Oriental region). Distribution. Provinces Eastpalaearctic part, 2025: (known from Heilongjiang, Gansu, Jilin, Liaoning, Xinjiang). Croatia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Czech Rep. Distribution. Stary et al., 2005a: 29-30 (loc(s)). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Distribution. Stary et al., 2013b: 378 (on Limonidae from Vraz near Pisek, with general habitat description). Distribution. Mocek, 2014: 156 (loc(s) NE Bohemia). Distribution. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 68 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Distribution. Petersen and Jong, 2001b: 151 (checklist). Finland Distribution. Polevoi, 2001: 191 (loc(s)). Distribution. Salmela, 2001a: 144, 151 (loc(s)). Distribution. Salmela, 2004: 9 (loc(s)). Distribution. Stary and Salmela, 2004: 47 (loc(s)). Distribution. Salmela et al., 2007b: 46 (loc(s)). Distribution. Salmela, 2008: 11, 52 (49) (loc(s), known from all Finnish ecoregions). Distribution. Autio and Salmela, 2010: 48 (loc(s) Aland Is). Distribution. Salmela, 2010a: 12 (survey fauna Tahmela spring in city of Tampere) (in Finnish). Distribution. Halme et al., 2012: 507 (part of a study on saproxylic nematoceran communities occupying different parts of decaying fallen Aspen trunks in a boreal forest in central Finland). Distribution. Salmela, 2012b: 239 (annotated list of Finnish crane flies). Distribution. Salmela and Petrasiunas, 2014: 31 (checklist Finnish Tipulomorpha). Distribution. Salmela et al., 2015: 107 (list of localities in extensive report on malaise-trapping of insects in conservation areas in Lapland in 2012–2014) (in Finnish). Distribution. Rasimus, 2018: 17 (on saproxylic craneflies in the Tampere region) (in Finnish). France Distribution. Rotheray and Horsfield, 2003: 11 (loc(s) Massane [Pyr. Or. (66)]). Distribution. Stary, 2007: 31 (type-loc(s) of pauperior). Distribution. Garrin and Herbrecht, 2016: Annexe 11 (loc(s) Notre-Dame-des-Landes, Loire-Atlantique (44)). Distribution. Kramer and Langlois, 2019a: 76 (record(s) Ravin de Valbois, Doubs (25)). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020a: 40, 45-48 (annotated list with information on abundancy and habitat of the Tipuloidea of the Pays de la Loire regoin, distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020b: 141 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2021a: 25 (loc(s), resultats de deux campagnes de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Distribution. Quindroit, 2021a: 36 (loc(s), resultats d une campagne de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Distribution. Quindroit, 2021c: 424, 426 (loc(s) Mercantour National Park, Alpes-Maritimes (06), common in all of France, ubiquitous; considered as common at all levels (Geiger, 1985). Distribution. Tissot et al., 2021: 209 (the Diptera of the Reserves Naturelles Nationales du Doubs (25), results of Malaise trapping since 2009) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 25 (loc(s) Aisne (02), Oise (60) and Somme (80) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 37 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Hauts-de-France region). Distribution. Quindroit and Racine, 2025: 360 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Pays de la Loire region). Germany Distribution. Schacht, 1999: 135 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Reusch and Oosterbroek, 2000: 163 (checklist German Bundeslander). Distribution. Reusch and Bellstedt, 2001b: 75 (checklist Thuringen). Distribution. Schacht, 2005: 6 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Reusch, 2006: 134 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: 130 (loc(s) Sachsen-Anhalt). Distribution. Hable et al., 2010b: 92 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Schacht, 2010: 18 (checklist Diptera Bayern). Distribution. Dunk, 2018: 80, 96 (loc(s) Bayern with list of habtats). Distribution. Stuke, 2019: 146 (checklist Niedersachsen and Bremen with reference to original sources). Distribution. Tannert and Dunk, 2019: 61 (loc(s) Zoo, Nurnberg). Great Britain Distribution. Robertson, 1999: 31 (loc(s) Midlothian). Distribution. Godfrey, 2000a: 20, 23 (see paper for details of sites surveyed in Shropshire and into Wales). Distribution. Godfrey, 2001a: 22, 24 (recorded from sites in Shropshire and just over the country border in Montgmeryshire; see paper for details). Distribution. Godfrey, 2003a: 20, 44 (distr) (as duplicata). Distribution. Corbet, 2004: 128 (loc(s) Durnbarnie Links, western Scotland). Distribution. Hewitt et al., 2005: 37 (loc(s) Cumbria) (as Limonia (Rhipidia) duplicata). Distribution. Boardman, 2007: 87 (distr, map). Distribution. Kramer, 2008a: 5 (loc(s) Scotland). Distribution. Skidmore, 2009: 129 (review of occurrence on the Western Isles of Scotland, distr). Distribution. Dickson, 2011: 161 (loc(s) South Hampshire). Distribution. Dickson, 2011: 161 (loc(s) Westbury Park, South Hamsphire). Distribution. Drake, 2011a: 25 (loc(s) Devon). Distribution. Kramer, 2011j: 23 (loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55)). Distribution. Kramer, 2013i: 8 (checklist of species from Leigh Woods NNR, Bristol district). Distribution. Hewitt, 2014: (provisional checklist Cumbrian Diptera). Distribution. Kramer, 2014c: 4 (in table of cranefly species recorded at Shapwick Heath NNR, as given in H. Audcent, 1949 and/or collected by J. Kramer in 2013). Distribution. Wolton et al., 2014: 27 (among Diptera associated with a hedge in Devon). Distribution. Chandler, 2015: 90 (loc(s) Bushy Park, Middlesex). Distribution. Showers, 2015: 2 (on craneflies in moth traps at Pitsford Water Nature Reserve in 2013 and 2014, including information for the two traps and photos of their habitat). Distribution. Drake, 2016: 20 (study on the relative importance to Diptera of pasture and ditch margins on Catcott Reserve, Somerset). Distribution. Showers, 2016: 2 (loc(s) Northamptonshire). Distribution. Brighton, 2017c: 29, 40 (overall regional checklist Lancashire and Cheshire (VC58, 59 and 60) with notes on habitats and/or regional occurrence and/or status; see paper for details). Distribution. Hewitt et al., 2017: 71 (loc(s) Borrowdale, Cumbria; a wood decay associated species recorded from Borrowdale Ash [Fraxinus] pollards; see paper for details). Distribution. Showers, 2017a: 4 (loc(s) Northamptonshire). Distribution. Stubbs, 2018b: 2 (loc(s) Staffordshire). Distribution. Weddle, 2020: 89 (loc(s) Glasgow Botanic Gardens, Scotland; collected in a moth trap). Distribution. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: 26-27 (info on the species, on the distr and map of loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55); common species of woodland with the larvae feeding on wood). Ireland Distribution. Ashe et al., 2008: 12 (additional Irish record(s), distr). Distribution. Chandler et al., 2008: 14 (checklist). Italy Distribution. Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: 349, 352 (loc(s), annotated checklist South Tyrol [Prov. Bolzano]). Japan Distribution. Hirabayashi et al., 2005: 308 (loc(s) Honshu). Distribution. Hirabayashi et al., 2007: 319-324 (distribution pattern of crane flies in the upper and middle reaches of the Shinano river). Distribution. Kimura et al., 2011: 95 (on species composition and abundance in higland lakes on Honshu, loc(s)). Distribution. Suzuki et al., 2022: 92 (info and loc(s) Honshu, distr) (in Japanese). Distribution. Kato, 2023a: 30 (loc(s) Honshu) (in Japanese). Distribution. Kato and Hiraga, 2024: 33 (loc(s) Niigata, Honshu) (in Japanese). Distribution. Kato and Yamauchi, 2024: 29 (loc(s) Toyama pref., Honshu). Kazakhstan First record. Devyatkov, 2020a: 54 (loc(s) East Kazakhstan, distr) (in Russian). Latvia First record. Stary, 2004f: (Fauna Europaea: added Latvia). Lithuania Distribution. Pakalniskis et al., 2006: 24 (checklist). Distribution. Gorban and Podeniene, 2022: 5, 8 (loc(s); reared from Ash [Fraxinus excelsior], mycetophagous species; see paper for details). Luxembourg First record. Vogtenhuber, 2007: 354 (loc(s)). Mongolia First record. Gelhaus and Podenas, 2006: 290, 296 (loc(s)). Distribution. Yadamsuren et al., 2015: 475 (loc(s) Mongolia). Montenegro Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Netherlands Distribution. Jong and Oosterbroek, 2002b: 34 (checklist). Distribution. Stary, 2020a: 45 (Limoniidae Kaaistoep, Noord-Brabant). Distribution. Hoven, 2024: 13 (loc(s) Limburg). North Korea First record. Podenas et al., 2016: 525, 534 (loc(s), distr, map). North Macedonia First record. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (loc(s)). Norway Distribution. Olsen et al., 2018: 164 (annotated checklist Nordic countries and for Norway according to the Strand regions). Distribution. Olsen and Andersen, 2021: 217 (loc(s) Innlandet, in former Hedmark, with habitats specified separately, for habitats see also Jonassen and Andersen, 2020). Poland Distribution. Wiedenska, 2007a: 76 (checklist). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2008: 46 (loc(s) Parowy Janinowski nature reserve near Lodz) (in Polish). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2010: 135 (loc(s) Parku Krajobrazowego Wzniesien Lodzkich, Lodz). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2014: 14 (on the occurence of Limoniidae in six selected plant communities in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians) (in Polish, habitat tables also in English). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2015b: 56 (loc(s) near Lodz). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2017a: 24 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Distribution. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: 149 (loc(s) Bieszczady Mountains, distr and remarks). Portugal First record. Oosterbroek et al., 2020: 335 (loc(s) Faro, distr). Romania Distribution. Parvu, 2004: 186 (loc(s)). Distribution. Ujvarosi, 2005a: 247 (no details). Distribution. Ujvarosi, 2007: 228-231 (checklist Limoniidae). Distribution. Kolcsar et al., 2013: 73 (loc(s) Cluj-Napoca and surroundings; list of habitats with altitudes). Russia Distribution. Zaika and Saaya, 2003: 124 (loc(s) Tuva). Distribution. Polevoi and Humala, 2005: 182 (RUN: list of Diptera of Vepsskaya Volost, Kareliya) (in Russian). Distribution. Paramonov, 2006a: 152 (loc(s) RUC: Ulyanovskaya oblast, distr). Distribution. Pilipenko and Sidorenko, 2006b: 150 (loc(s) Kedrovaya Pad, distr) (in Russian). Distribution. Stary, 2007: 31 (type-loc(s) of pauperior, loc(s)). Distribution. Lantsov, 2009a: 74 (loc(s) Central Caucasus, distr). Distribution. Pilipenko, 2009c: 335 (loc(s) Lazovsky Nature Reserve, Primorskiy kray). Distribution. Krivosheina, N.P., 2011a: 105-112 (loc(s) Buryatia, Altay and Kunashir). Distribution. Jakovlev et al., 2014: 310 (loc(s) RUN: Kareliya). Distribution. Ruchin and Pilipenko, 2015: 58 (loc(s), checklist RUC: Mordoviya Rep.). Distribution. Paramonov and Pilipenko, 2016: 100 (loc(s) RUC: Tverskaya oblast) (in Russian). Distribution. Polevoi et al., 2018: supplementary species list: emerged from fallen Aspens [Populus tremula] in Kivach Nature Reserve, Kareliya). Distribution. Paramonov, 2019c: 121 (loc(s) Jewish AO, distr, habitats, citing various authors) (in Russian). Distribution. Pilipenko et al., 2020: 362 (loc(s) RUC: Mordoviya Rep., distr). Distribution. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 228-229 (loc(s) RUE: Bashkortostan Rep.) Serbia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Slovakia Distribution. Stary, 2009d: 38 (loc(s) Polana area). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Distribution. Obona et al., 2025a: 30 (collected in a mosquito trap at the Kosice Zoo, perhaps because of being attracted to CO2). Slovenia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). South Korea First record. Podenas et al., 2016: 525-526, 534 (loc(s), distr, map). Spain Distribution. Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: 55-56 (checklist, loc(s) Guipuzcoa, confirmed for Spain). Distribution. Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: 17 (loc(s), Spanish provinces, distr). Distribution. Mederos and Eiroa, 2018: 27 (loc(s) Lerida, distr). Distribution. Eiroa and Carles-Tolra, 2019: 132 (loc(s) Barcelona, list of Spanish provinces, distr) (in Spanish). Distribution. Keresztes et al., 2022: 196 (loc(s) Asturias and review distribution in Spain) (in Spanish). Distribution. Mederos et al., 2025b: 163 (loc(s) Lerida, distr). Sweden Distribution. Salmela, 2010b: 134 (loc(s) Malmo). Distribution. Fritz and Lindstrom, 2013: 29, 63 (on distribution, habitat preference and habitat conservation in nature reserved forest and tree habitats in Hallands County) (in Schwedish). Distribution. Lindstrom and Fritz, 2015: 44, 48 (distributin and ecology in five fens in Hallands County) (in Schwedish). Switzerland Distribution. Podenas et al., 2006: 179, 335 (map, vertical distr per thermic level). Distribution. Dufour and Merz, 2012: 355, 356 (annotated checklist canton Geneva, with note on synonymy). USA Distribution. Byers, 2002: 16 (loc(s) Va, distr) (as duplicata). Distribution. Petersen et al., 2005: 9 (loc(s) Great Smoky Mountains National Park). Distribution. Brodo et al., 2022a: 54 (list of Tipuloidea collected in the town of Kent, Putnam County, NY). Distribution. Brodo, 2025: 28-30 (one male among the specimens from Sitka, Alaska, from the Finnish Museum in Helsinki studied by Fenja Brodo; see paper for details). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia Obona et al., 2016: month(s): 8. Austria Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: month(s): 7. Aistleitner et al., 2024: month(s): 5. Belarus Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 7. Belgium Martens et al., 2014: month(s): 5, 7-9. Dek and Peeters, 2023a: month(s): 4-12. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2015: month(s): 6, 8. Hubenov, 2016: month(s): 6, 8. Canada Brodo, 2017b: month(s): 6. Mederos et al., 2024a: month(s): 6-7, 10. Channel Is Stubbs, 2022b: month(s): 6, 9. China Zhang, X. et al., 2014: month(s): 5, 7. Czech Rep. Stary et al., 2005a: month(s): 4-8. Stary et al., 2013b: month(s): (8)9-10. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: month(s): (4)5-6, 8-10(11). Finland Salmela, 2001a: month(s): 7-8, 10. France Stary, 2007: month(s): 7. Quindroit, 2020a: month(s): 6-9. Quindroit, 2020b: month(s): 4-8. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: month(s): 5, 7-8, 10. Germany Dunk, 2018: month(s): 4-7. Tannert and Dunk, 2019: month(s): 5. Great Britain Robertson, 1999: month(s): 10. Godfrey, 2000a: month(s): 6. Godfrey, 2001a: month(s): 5. Corbet, 2004: month(s): 6, 9. Kramer, 2008a: month(s): 6. Dickson, 2011: month(s): 11. Dickson, 2011: month(s): 11. Kramer, 2011j: month(s): 5-6, 8. Kramer, 2014c: month(s): 6. Chandler, 2015: month(s): 6-11. Stubbs, 2018b: month(s): 6. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: month(s): 5-10. Ireland Ashe et al., 2008: month(s): 5-6, 8. Italy Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: month(s): 6-9. Japan Suzuki et al., 2022: month(s): 4-6. Kato, 2023a: month(s): 7. Kato and Hiraga, 2024: month(s): 11. Kato and Yamauchi, 2024: month(s): 7-9. Kazakhstan Devyatkov, 2020a: month(s): 6-9. Mongolia Gelhaus and Podenas, 2006: month(s): 6-7. Oliveira and Eck, 2025: month(s): 8. Netherlands Hoven, 2024: month(s): 5. North Korea Podenas et al., 2016: month(s): 6-7, 10. Norway Olsen and Andersen, 2021: month(s): 6-10. Poland Wiedenska, 2008: month(s): 7. Wiedenska, 2014: month(s): 8-10. Wiedenska, 2015a: month(s): 6-9. Wiedenska, 2017a: month(s): 5, 7-10. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: month(s): 6-9. Portugal Oosterbroek et al., 2020: month(s): 10. Romania Parvu, 2004: month(s): 8. Kolcsar et al., 2013: month(s): 7. Russia Zaika and Saaya, 2003: month(s): 8. Paramonov, 2006a: month(s): 8. Pilipenko and Sidorenko, 2006b: month(s): 7. Stary, 2007: month(s): 6-7. Lantsov, 2009a: month(s): 9. Pilipenko, 2009c: month(s): 7-9. Ruchin and Pilipenko, 2015: month(s): 8. Paramonov and Pilipenko, 2016: month(s): 5-9. Paramonov, 2019c: month(s): 6. Pilipenko et al., 2020: month(s): (7)8-9. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 6-8. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: month(s): 5-10. South Korea Podenas et al., 2016: month(s): 6-7. Spain Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: month(s): 7. Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: month(s): 5. Mederos and Eiroa, 2018: month(s): 6. Eiroa and Carles-Tolra, 2019: month(s): 7. Keresztes et al., 2022: month(s): 8. Mederos et al., 2025b: month(s): 6. Switzerland Podenas et al., 2006: month(s): 4-11. USA Byers, 2002: month(s): 5-8. Petersen, 2003: month(s): 4-12. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia Obona et al., 2016: altitude: 1930 m. Austria Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: altitude: 690 m. Aistleitner et al., 2024: altitude: 416 m. Belarus Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 155 m. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2015: altitude: 1200-1900 m. Hubenov, 2016: altitude: 1147-1390 m. Hubenov, 2017: altitude: 1147-1950 m. Hubenov, 2021a: altitude: 200-1900 m. Hubenov, 2025b: altitude: 200-1900 m. China Zhang, X. et al., 2014: altitude: 1400 m. Germany Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: altitude: 657 m. Italy Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: altitude: 940-1220 m. Japan Kimura et al., 2011: altitude: 764-822 m. Kato and Yamauchi, 2024: altitude: 1120 m. Kazakhstan Devyatkov, 2020a: altitude: 407-1654 m. Mongolia Gelhaus and Podenas, 2006: altitude: 1646-1725 m. Oliveira and Eck, 2025: altitude: 1580 m. North Korea Podenas et al., 2016: altitude: 1077-1942 m. Poland Wiedenska, 2017a: altitude: 760-1010 m. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: altitude: 470-870 m. Portugal Oosterbroek et al., 2020: altitude: 459 m. Russia Lantsov, 2009a: altitude: 1571-1600 m. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 550-607 m. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: altitude: 630-870 m. South Korea Podenas et al., 2016: altitude: 633-669 m. Spain Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: altitude: 700 m. Stary and Oosterbroek, 2008: altitude: 20-700 m. Mederos and Eiroa, 2018: altitude: 1100 m. Keresztes et al., 2022: altitude: 250-1434 m. USA Byers, 2002: altitude: 945-1174 m. Petersen et al., 2005: altitude: 457-1944 m.