Details for Limonia stigma

Name: Limonia stigma (Meigen, 1818) Publication: Syst. Beschr. 1: 138 (as Limnobia) Status: Recognized taxon, Synonym(s): ?terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758); sexnotata (Schummel, 1829); punctigera (Walker, 1856). Classification: Family Limoniidae Subfamily Limoniinae Keys: Peeters en Oosterbroek, 2014c, 2016c (craneflies Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) (in Dutch); Boardman, 2016 (craneflies Shropshire); Stubbs and Kramer, 2016h; Stubbs, 2021 (British craneflies); Ren and Yang, 2020 (Limonia NW China); Lv et al., 2023b (Limonia China) habitus male habitus male habitus male habitus male habitus male plus 35 more images of habitus, habitus, habitus, habitus, body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor, ovipositor, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat and habitat. Distribution: Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Rep., Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine; Russia: RUN, RUW, RUC, RUE, North Caucasus; Georgia, Armenia;; Kazakhstan (east); China (Xinjiang). Note: see the manual for abbreviations: present-day Russia. Region(s): Westpalaearctic;; Eastpalaearctic General note: For Italy check Stary and Oosterbroek, 1996, and citations below. For Finland check Salmela, 2012b, 2012c, and citations below. For Norway check Olsen et al., 2018, and citations below. For Great Britain check Stubbs, 2021, and citations below. To be confirmed for Hungary (in Palaearctic Catalogue (Savchenko et al., 1992)). Map: Podenas et al., 2006 (Switzerland); Boardman, 2007 (Shropshire) Figure references: Habitus: Ren and Yang, 2020 (male) Wing: Ren and Yang, 2020 Hypopygium: Podenas et al., 2006; Ren and Yang, 2020 Ovipositor: Ren and Yang, 2020 Other figures: Ren and Yang, 2020 (thorax) Miscellaneous Ren and Yang, 2020 (habitat) Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): Bulgaria Habitat. Hubenov, 2025b: suppl: 7 (annotated list Diptera high Bulgarian mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). China Habitat. Ren and Yang, 2020: 51-53 (often collected with sylvicola and phragmitidis in Hemu (China: Xinjiang, Burqin); these species often aggregate in shaded understory plants in white Birch [Betula] forests during the day (see habitat photo(s) above) [from the same locality also macrostigma and taurica were collected]). Country not relevant Biology. Olsen et al., 2018: 148 (a species of marshland, grassland, but especially hedgerows and woodlands (Boardman 2007, 2016, Cramer 1968, Kramer 2007, Kramer & Withers 2007, Stubbs 2003); the period of flight is may-september; see table 1 for habitat information of the Norwegian locality(ties)). Czech Rep. Habitat. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 67 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). France Habitat. Kramer and Withers, 2007: 160 (marshland species with larvae in the more or less saturated organic mud of lake margins and marshes). Habitat. Kramer, 2007a: 33 (adults were collected from grassland). Habitat. Quindroit, 2020b: 138 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Habitat. Labat, 2022: 52-67 (preliminary study on Diptera of riparian corridors at several localities in France; supplements: loc(s) Puy-de-Dome (63)) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 24 (loc(s) Aisne (02) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit, 2022d: 420 (loc(s) Ariege (09); zone de suintement boueux en bordure de sous-bois, loc(s) Pyrenees-Orientales (66)). Georgia Habitat. Stary and Obona, 2020: 137 (loc(s); with list of localities, habitats and altitudes). Great Britain Habitat. Stubbs, 2003: 8, 10 (associated with ancient and/or species-rich hedgerows and seemingly with similar requirements as Limonia maculipennis, except that it is a mid summer species and ecologically more flexible in that is can occur in woodland). Habitat. Boardman, 2007: 84 (dry soils by hedgerows and woodland). Habitat. Kramer, 2012h: 3 (Summer field meeting Scottish Highlands: found in the wooded sandy backchannels). Habitat. Brighton, 2017c: 29, 39 (overall regional checklist Lancashire and Cheshire (VC58, 59 and 60) with notes on habitats and/or regional occurrence and/or status; see paper for details). Norway Habitat. Olsen and Andersen, 2021: 215 (loc(s) Innlandet, in former Hedmark, with habitats specified separately, for habitats see also Jonassen and Andersen, 2020). Poland Habitat. Wiedenska, 2017a: 23 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): China Description. Ren and Yang, 2020: 33, 43-46 (descr, key, comparison, figs). Country not relevant Characters. Kramer, 2008a: 6 (colouration of femora in comparison to phragmitidis). Characters. Stary, 2017: 718-719 (comparison). Characters. Olsen et al., 2018: 148 (recognized by the following combination of characters: head and thorax yellowish, front part of dorsal thorax with a dark brown stripe that continues on the neck, femora with a dark apical ring and front margin of the wing with 2–3 (usually 2) small dark spots, of which the pterostigma is the most distinct; fig). Phylogeny. Lv et al., 2023b: 238-239 (phylogeny Oriental and Palaearctic Limonia based on mitochondrial genome sequencing). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia First record. Obona et al., 2016: 136 (loc(s)). Distribution. Hakobyan and Jenderedjian, 2023: 1515 (annotated checklist of the craneflies of Armenia with refs, distr and flight period in Caucasus Ecoregion with refs). Austria Distribution. Aistleitner, 2015: 101 (loc(s) Vorarlberg). Distribution. Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: 139 (loc(s) Osttirol). Belarus First record. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 143 (loc(s) Minsk region). Bulgaria Distribution. Hubenov, 2015: 222 (annotated list Diptera Pirin Mt, loc(s), faunistics and zoogeography). Distribution. Hubenov, 2017: 70 (on vertical distribution in the Pirin and Rila Mts; see paper for details on forests and subalpine-alpine zones, distr). Distribution. Hubenov, 2021a: 37 (checklist with summary of distr in Bulgaria, references). Distribution. Hubenov, 2025b: suppl: 7 (annotated list Diptera high Bulgarian mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). China First record. Ren and Yang, 2020: 46 (loc(s) Xinjiang). Czech Rep. Distribution. Stary et al., 2005a: 28 (loc(s)). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Distribution. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 67 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Distribution. Petersen and Jong, 2001b: 150 (checklist). Estonia Distribution. Stary, 2004f: (Fauna Europaea: added Estonia). Finland Distribution. Salmela, 2001a: 144, 151 (loc(s)). Distribution. Salmela, 2012b: 238 (annotated list of Finnish crane flies). Distribution. Salmela and Petrasiunas, 2014: 30 (checklist Finnish Tipulomorpha). France Distribution. Kramer and Withers, 2007: 160, 163 (loc(s) Ain (01)). Distribution. Kramer, 2007a: 33 (loc(s) Ain (01)). Distribution. Withers, 2008: 137 (loc(s) Ain (01)). Distribution. Labat, 2013: 74 (on a sampling campaign on the Dordogne river sources, five Upper-Dordogne tributaries and a travertine, Auvergne; see paper for details) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020b: 138 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Labat, 2021: 92 (on Diptera taxa recorded along the over-all length of the Dordogne River and some of its tributaries; see paper for the locality details) (in French). Distribution. Tissot et al., 2021: 209 (the Diptera of the Reserves Naturelles Nationales du Doubs (25), results of Malaise trapping since 2009) (in French). Distribution. Labat, 2022: 52-67 (preliminary study on Diptera of riparian corridors at several localities in France; supplements: loc(s) Puy-de-Dome (63)) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 24 (loc(s) Aisne (02) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 37 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Hauts-de-France region). First record. Quindroit, 2022d: 420 (loc(s) Ariege (09); zone de suintement boueux en bordure de sous-bois, loc(s) Pyrenees-Orientales (66)). Georgia First record. Stary and Obona, 2020: 137 (loc(s); with list of localities, habitats and altitudes). Germany Distribution. Schacht, 1999: 135 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Reusch and Oosterbroek, 2000: 162 (checklist German Bundeslander). Distribution. Reusch and Bellstedt, 2001b: 75 (checklist Thuringen). Distribution. Schacht, 2005: 5 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Hable et al., 2010b: 91 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Schacht, 2010: 17 (checklist Diptera Bayern). Distribution. Stuke, 2019: 144 (checklist Niedersachsen and Bremen with reference to original sources). Great Britain Distribution. Boardman, 2007: 84 (loc(s), map). Distribution. Kramer, 2008a: 6 (loc(s) Scotland, identification not certain). Distribution. Kramer, 2012h: 3 (loc(s) Summer field meeting Scottish Highlands). Distribution. Kramer, 2013i: 8 (checklist of species from Leigh Woods NNR, Bristol district). Distribution. Hewitt, 2014: (provisional checklist Cumbrian Diptera). Distribution. Brighton, 2017c: 29, 39 (overall regional checklist Lancashire and Cheshire (VC58, 59 and 60) with notes on habitats and/or regional occurrence and/or status; see paper for details). Ireland Distribution. Chandler et al., 2008: 13-14 (checklist; listed here for Ireland but there are no confirmed Irish records (not listed for Ireland in Ashe et al., 1998a, 1998b). Distribution not confirmed. Chandler, 2018b: 223 (not confirmed for Ireland). Italy Distribution. Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: 348, 351 (loc(s), annotated checklist South Tyrol [Prov. Bolzano]). Kazakhstan First record. Devyatkov, 2020a: 53 (loc(s) East Kazakhstan, distr, first record for the Eastpalaearctic) (in Russian). Latvia First record. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 143-144 (loc(s)). Lithuania Distribution. Pakalniskis et al., 2006: 21 (checklist). Netherlands Distribution. Jong and Oosterbroek, 2002b: 34 (checklist). Distribution. Barendregt, 2015: 9 (loc(s) prov. Groningen). Norway First record. Olsen et al., 2018: 148, 162-163 (loc(s) VE and SFI; distr; annotated checklist Nordic countries and for Norway according to the Strand regions). Distribution. Olsen and Andersen, 2021: 215 (loc(s) Innlandet, in former Hedmark, with habitats specified separately, for habitats see also Jonassen and Andersen, 2020). Poland Distribution. Wiedenska, 2007a: 75 (checklist). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2017a: 23 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Distribution. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: 148 (loc(s) Bieszczady Mountains, distr and remarks). Romania Distribution. Parvu, 2004: 186 (loc(s)). Distribution. Ujvarosi, 2007: 228-231 (checklist Limoniidae). Russia Distribution. Pilipenko, 2018: 17 (loc(s) Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, Krasnodarskiy kray) (in Russian). Distribution. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 144-145 (loc(s) RUC and RUE). Slovakia Distribution. Stary, 2009d: 37 (loc(s) Polana area). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Slovenia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Switzerland Distribution. Podenas et al., 2006: 174, 281 (map, vertical distr per thermic level). Distribution. Dufour and Merz, 2012: 355 (annotated checklist canton Geneva). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia Obona et al., 2016: month(s): 8-9. Austria Aistleitner, 2015: month(s): 7. Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: month(s): 6-7. Belarus Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 7. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2015: month(s): 8. China Ren and Yang, 2020: month(s): 7. Czech Rep. Stary et al., 2005a: month(s): 6-9. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: month(s): 7. Finland Salmela, 2001a: month(s): 6-7. France Kramer and Withers, 2007: month(s): 6. Kramer, 2007a: month(s): 6. Quindroit, 2020b: month(s): 7-8. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: month(s): 6-7. Quindroit, 2022d: month(s): 7. Georgia Stary and Obona, 2020: month(s): 7. Great Britain Kramer, 2008a: month(s): 6. Kramer, 2012h: month(s): 7. Italy Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: month(s): 8. Kazakhstan Devyatkov, 2020a: month(s): 6-8. Latvia Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 7. Netherlands Barendregt, 2015: month(s): 5. Norway Olsen et al., 2018: month(s): 8. Olsen and Andersen, 2021: month(s): (6-7). Poland Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: month(s): 7-8. Romania Parvu, 2004: month(s): 6, 8. Russia Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 7-8. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: month(s): 6-10. Switzerland Podenas et al., 2006: month(s): 6-9. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): Armenia Obona et al., 2016: altitude: 1853-1930 m. Austria Aistleitner, 2015: altitude: 435 m. Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: altitude: 650-930 m. Belarus Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 156 m. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2015: altitude: 1250-2300 m. Hubenov, 2017: altitude: 1250-2300 m. Hubenov, 2021a: altitude: 1000-2300 m. Hubenov, 2025b: altitude: 1000-2300 m. China Ren and Yang, 2020: altitude: 1040-1200 m. Czech Rep. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: altitude: 450 m. France Labat, 2021: altitude: 1101 m. Quindroit, 2022d: altitude: 800-1800 m. Georgia Stary and Obona, 2020: altitude: 2250 m. Italy Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: altitude: 940-1220 m. Kazakhstan Devyatkov, 2020a: altitude: 300-1468 m. Latvia Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 13 m. Norway Olsen and Andersen, 2021: altitude: 239 m. Poland Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: altitude: 420-600 m. Russia Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 150-607 m.