Details for Limonia flavipes

Name: Limonia flavipes (Fabricius, 1787) Publication: Mantissa insect. 2: 323 (as Tipula) Status: Recognized taxon, Synonym(s): nebulosa (Zetterstedt, 1838); vaillanti Thomas, 1968. Classification: Family Limoniidae Subfamily Limoniinae Keys: Peeters en Oosterbroek, 2014c (craneflies Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg) (in Dutch); Boardman, 2016 (craneflies Shropshire); Stubbs and Kramer, 2016h; Stubbs, 2021 (British craneflies) habitus male habitus male habitus male habitus male habitus female plus 32 more images of habitus, habitus, habitus, body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), body part(s), hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, ovipositor, wing, wing, wing, wing, wing, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat, habitat and habitat. Distribution: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Rep., Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France (incl. Corsica), Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy (incl. Sicily), Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine; Russia: RUN, RUW, RUC, RUE, North Caucasus; Morocco; Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan. Note: see the manual for abbreviations: present-day Russia. Region(s): Westpalaearctic General note: For Italy check Stary and Oosterbroek, 1996, and citations below. For Finland check Salmela, 2012b, 2012c, and citations below. For Norway check Olsen et al., 2018, and citations below. For Spain check Eiroa and Carles-Tolra, 2019, and citations below. For Great Britain and Ireland check Stubbs, 2021, and citations below. For Morocco check Kettani and Oosterbroek, 2022a, and citations below. Not listed for Corsica by Podenas et al., 1997. To be confirmed for Iceland (in Skidmore, 2009) and Algeria (in Palaearctic Catalogue (Savchenko et al., 1992)). Map: Podenas et al., 2006 (Switzerland); Boardman, 2007 (Shropshire) Biology: Alexander, 1919e (habitat). Figure references: Wing: Podenas et al., 2006 Hypopygium: Podenas et al., 2006 Other figures: ; Kramer and Morris, 2022b (thorax) Immature stages Larva: Podeniene, 2003a; Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011c Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Habitat. Aistleitner et al., 2024: 32 (loc(s) Vorarlberg, see habitat photo above). Belgium Habitat. Tack et al., 2021: 117 (loc(s) Antwerpen, alle taxa biodiversiteit inventarisatie Bos t Ename, nat loofbos (in Dutch), see paper for description). Bulgaria Habitat. Hubenov, 2025a: suppl: 4 (annotated list Diptera Stara Planina Mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Habitat. Hubenov, 2025b: suppl: 7 (annotated list Diptera high Bulgarian mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Country not relevant Habitat. Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011c: 1-294 (larva: descr, figs, biology, key) (in Russian, key also in English). Czech Rep. Habitat. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 66 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Habitat. Byriel and Rojas, 2017: 118 (among the 101 species in a study on cranefly hotspots in unmanaged and managed forests) (in Danish). Finland Habitat. Autio and Salmela, 2010: 48 (habitats Aland Is). Habitat. Rasimus, 2018: 17 (on saproxylic craneflies in the Tampere region) (in Finnish). France Biology. Quindroit, 2020a: 36, 45-48 (annotated list with information on abundancy and habitat of the Tipuloidea of the Pays de la Loire regoin, distr) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit, 2020b: 137 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2021a: 25 (loc(s), resultats de deux campagnes de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Habitat. Quindroit, 2021a: 36 (loc(s), resultats d une campagne de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Habitat. Quindroit, 2021c: 424, 426 (loc(s) Mercantour National Park, Alpes-Maritimes (06), very common species: mostly in forests, according to Geiger (1985), ubiquitous up to subalpine level). Habitat. Labat, 2022: 52-67 (preliminary study on Diptera of riparian corridors at several localities in France; supplements: loc(s) Cotes d Armor (22) and Puy-de-Dome (63)) (in French). Habitat. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 23 (loc(s) Oise (60) and Somme (80) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Georgia Habitat. Stary and Obona, 2020: 137 (loc(s); with list of localities, habitats and altitudes). Germany Habitat. Ruckert, 2005: 47, 53 (found in a study on the association with the type of source: limnokrene, rheokrene, or helokrene in Schlesig-Holstein; restricted to limnokrene sources; see paper for details, as well as Anhang A2-A10). Habitat. Wittrock, 2005: 84 (summer emergence; krenobiont; limnokrene). Habitat. Ruckert et al., 2007: 56 (Krenobiont). Habitat. Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: 129 (from spring brooks). Habitat. Dunk, 2018: 79, 96 (loc(s) Bayern with list of habtats). Great Britain Habitat. Godfrey, 2000a: 22. Habitat. Godfrey, 2001a: 22, 24. Habitat. Godfrey, 2003a: 22, 43 (emerged from a [woody] sample). Habitat. Boardman, 2007: 82 (woodlands). Habitat. Kramer, 2011j: 22, 25 (woodland species). Habitat. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: 22 (info on the species, on the distr and map of loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55); woodland species). Italy Habitat. Stary, 2003a: 125. Latvia Habitat. Spungis, 2008: 36 (raised bogs). Lithuania Habitat. Podeniene, 2003a: 1-295 (larva, descr, figs, habitat) (in Lithuanian). Norway Habitat. Olsen and Andersen, 2021: 215 (loc(s) Innlandet, in former Hedmark, with habitats specified separately, for habitats see also Jonassen and Andersen, 2020). Poland Habitat. Wiedenska, 2014: 14 (on the occurence of Limoniidae in six selected plant communities in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians) (in Polish, habitat tables also in English). Phenology. Wiedenska, 2015a: 54 (on the flight activity of Limoniidae in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians) (in Polish, tables also in English). Habitat. Wiedenska, 2017a: 23 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Portugal Habitat. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 138 (riverside vegetation). Romania Habitat. Parvu, 2003: 233. Habitat. Ujvarosi, 2005a: 246 (terrestrial, citing various sources). Habitat. Ujvarosi and Poti, 2006: 256 (habitat in Dupa Lunca marshland: swamp with bushes and trees). Habitat. Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: 109 (loc(s) Dupa Lanca marshy area near Voslobeni) (in Hungarian, species list with habitat information in English). Russia Habitat. Krivosheina, N.P., 2009a: 125-133 (review Russian xylophilous Limoniidae, mainly inhabiting bark and wood of decomposing trees, citing various authors [found in litter and the upper layer of soil]) (in Russian). Habitat. Paramonov and Korobkov, 2019: 95 (loc(s) RUC: Tverskaya oblast, distr, habitat, citing various authors) (in Russian). Habitat. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 139 (Dagestan: Samur liana forest, hornbeam and spurge liana forest, with an admixture of oak, maple and high ash, elderberry, horsetail, sweeping on plants along the stream). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): Country not relevant Phylogeny. Ahonen, 2007: 1-28 (included in phylogenetic analysis of Tipuloidea subfamilies relationships based on molecular data). Immatures. Krivosheina and Krivosheina, 2011c: 1-294 (larva: descr, figs, biology, key) (in Russian, key also in English). Characters. Pilipenko and Przhiboro, 2022: 269 (comparison). Phylogeny. Lv et al., 2023b: 238-239 (phylogeny Oriental and Palaearctic Limonia based on mitochondrial genome sequencing). Great Britain Characters. Boardman, 2007: 82 (characters). Characters. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: 22 (diagnosis, figs). Lithuania Immatures. Podeniene, 2003a: 1-295 (larva, descr, figs, habitat) (in Lithuanian). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Andorra First record. Eiroa and Carles-Tolra, 2019: 132 (loc(s), distr) (in Spanish). Distribution. Mederos et al., 2019b: 211-212 (loc(s), distr). Armenia Distribution. Obona et al., 2016: 140 (checklist). Distribution. Hakobyan and Jenderedjian, 2023: 1515 (annotated checklist of the craneflies of Armenia with refs, distr and flight period in Caucasus Ecoregion with refs). Austria Distribution. Reusch and Heiss, 2012: 323-332 (loc(s) Nat. Park Gesause, see PDF for months and altitudes). Distribution. Aistleitner, 2015: 101 (loc(s) Vorarlberg). Distribution. Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: 139 (loc(s) Osttirol). Distribution. Aistleitner et al., 2024: 32 (loc(s) Vorarlberg, see habitat photo above). Azerbaijan Distribution. Snegovaya, 2021: 1138 (checklist with details on distr in Azerbaijan). Belgium Distribution. Tack et al., 2021: 117 (loc(s) Antwerpen, alle taxa biodiversiteit inventarisatie Bos t Ename, nat loofbos (in Dutch), see paper for description). Bosnia-Herzegowina Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Bulgaria Distribution. Hubenov, 2015: 222 (annotated list Diptera Pirin Mt, loc(s), faunistics and zoogeography). Distribution. Hubenov, 2016: 49 (annotated checklist Diptera of the Rila Mountains based on data from the literature). Distribution. Hubenov, 2017: 70 (on vertical distribution in the Pirin and Rila Mts; see paper for details on forests and subalpine-alpine zones, distr). Distribution. Hubenov, 2018b: 124 (review loc(s) Vrachanska Planina Mts). Distribution. Hubenov, 2021a: 37 (checklist with summary of distr in Bulgaria, references). Distribution. Hubenov, 2025a: suppl: 4 (annotated list Diptera Stara Planina Mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Distribution. Hubenov, 2025b: suppl: 7 (annotated list Diptera high Bulgarian mts, local distr, habitats and zoogeography). Croatia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Czech Rep. Distribution. Stary et al., 2005a: 27 (loc(s)). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Distribution. Mocek, 2014: 156 (loc(s) NE Bohemia). Distribution. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: 66 (on Limoniidae and Pediciidae of two localities in northern Bohemia, with list of localities, altitudes and habitats). Denmark Distribution. Petersen and Jong, 2001b: 150 (checklist). Estonia Distribution. Stary, 2004f: (Fauna Europaea: added Estonia). Finland Distribution. Salmela et al., 2007b: 46 (loc(s)). Distribution. Autio and Salmela, 2010: 48 (loc(s) Aland Is). Distribution. Salmela, 2012b: 238 (annotated list of Finnish crane flies). Distribution. Salmela and Petrasiunas, 2014: 30 (checklist Finnish Tipulomorpha). Distribution. Rasimus, 2018: 17 (on saproxylic craneflies in the Tampere region) (in Finnish). France Distribution. Rotheray and Horsfield, 2003: 11 (loc(s) Massane [Pyr. Or. (66)]). Distribution. Labat, 2013: 74 (on a sampling campaign on the Dordogne river sources, five Upper-Dordogne tributaries and a travertine, Auvergne; see paper for details) (in French). Distribution. Garrin and Herbrecht, 2016: Annexe 11 (loc(s) Notre-Dame-des-Landes, Loire-Atlantique (44)). Distribution. Kramer and Langlois, 2019a: 76 (record(s) Ravin de Valbois, Doubs (25)). Distribution. Kramer and Langlois, 2019b: 228 (list of craneflies captured 25-27 june 2019 in Ravin de Valbois, Doubs (25)). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020a: 36, 45-48 (annotated list with information on abundancy and habitat of the Tipuloidea of the Pays de la Loire regoin, distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit, 2020b: 137 (loc(s) Nord (59) and Pas-de-Calais (62) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Labat, 2021: 92 (on Diptera taxa recorded along the over-all length of the Dordogne River and some of its tributaries; see paper for the locality details) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2021a: 25 (loc(s), resultats de deux campagnes de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Distribution. Quindroit, 2021a: 36 (loc(s), resultats d une campagne de piegeage dans le Pas-de-Calais (62); see paper for details on habitat). Distribution. Quindroit, 2021c: 424, 426 (loc(s) Mercantour National Park, Alpes-Maritimes (06), very common species: mostly in forests, according to Geiger (1985), ubiquitous up to subalpine level). Distribution. Tissot et al., 2021: 208 (the Diptera of the Reserves Naturelles Nationales du Doubs (25), results of Malaise trapping since 2009) (in French). Distribution. Labat, 2022: 52-67 (preliminary study on Diptera of riparian corridors at several localities in France; supplements: loc(s) Cotes d Armor (22) and Puy-de-Dome (63)) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 23 (loc(s) Oise (60) and Somme (80) with notes on habitats and distr) (in French). Distribution. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: 37 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Hauts-de-France region). Distribution. Lemoine and Quindroit, 2023: 9 (loc(s) Hautes-Alpes (05), Puy-de-Dome (63), Vosges (88)). Distribution. Quindroit and Racine, 2025: 360 (table specifying the presence in the five departments of the Pays de la Loire region). Georgia Distribution. Stary and Obona, 2020: 137 (loc(s); with list of localities, habitats and altitudes). Germany Distribution. Schacht, 1999: 135 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Reusch and Oosterbroek, 2000: 162 (checklist German Bundeslander). Distribution. Reusch and Bellstedt, 2001b: 75 (checklist Thuringen). Distribution. Reusch et al., 2004: 118 (loc(s) Mecklenburg-Vorpommern). Distribution. Ruckert, 2005: 47, 53 (found in a study on the association with the type of source: limnokrene, rheokrene, or helokrene in Schlesig-Holstein; restricted to limnokrene sources; see paper for details, as well as Anhang A2-A10). Distribution. Schacht, 2005: 5 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Wittrock, 2005: 84 (loc(s) Schleswig-Holstein). Distribution. Ruckert et al., 2007: 56 (loc(s) Schleswig-Holstein). Distribution. Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: 129 (loc(s) Sachsen-Anhalt). Distribution. Hable et al., 2010b: 91 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Schacht, 2010: 17 (checklist Diptera Bayern). Distribution. Dunk and Kraus, 2014: 170 (loc(s) Bayern). Distribution. Dunk, 2018: 79, 96 (loc(s) Bayern with list of habtats). Distribution. Stuke, 2019: 143 (checklist Niedersachsen and Bremen with reference to original sources). Great Britain Distribution. Godfrey, 2000a: 20, 22 (see paper for details of sites surveyed in Shropshire and into Wales). Distribution. Godfrey, 2001a: 22, 24 (recorded from sites in Shropshire and just over the country border in Montgmeryshire; see paper for details). Distribution. Godfrey, 2003a: 22, 43 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Boardman, 2007: 82 (distr, map). Distribution. Skidmore, 2009: 129 (review of occurrence on the Western Isles of Scotland, distr). Distribution. Kramer, 2011j: 22 (loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55)). Distribution. Kramer, 2013f: 1 (loc(s) Northamptonshire). Distribution. Kramer, 2013i: 8 (checklist of species from Leigh Woods NNR, Bristol district). Distribution. Hewitt, 2014: (provisional checklist Cumbrian Diptera). Distribution. Brighton, 2017c: 28 (overall regional checklist Lancashire and Cheshire (VC58, 59 and 60) with notes on habitats and/or regional occurrence and/or status; see paper for details). Distribution. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: 22 (info on the species, on the distr and map of loc(s) Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55); woodland species). Ireland Distribution. Ashe et al., 2008: 11 (additional Irish record(s), distr). Distribution. Chandler et al., 2008: 13 (checklist). Italy Distribution. Stary, 2003a: 125 (loc(s)). Distribution. Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: 348, 351 (loc(s), annotated checklist South Tyrol [Prov. Bolzano]). Latvia Distribution. Stary, 2004f: (Fauna Europaea: added Latvia). Distribution. Spungis, 2008: 36 (loc(s)). Lithuania Distribution. Pakalniskis et al., 2006: 21 (checklist). Luxembourg Distribution. Vogtenhuber, 2007: 354 (loc(s)). Montenegro Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Morocco Distribution. Driauach et al., 2013: 189 (review Limoniidae records of Morocco, loc(s)). Distribution. Kettani and Oosterbroek, 2022a: 27 (annotated checklist, with review loc(s) and/or references). Netherlands Distribution. Jong and Oosterbroek, 2002b: 34 (checklist). Distribution. Hoven, 2024: 13 (loc(s) Limburg). Norway Distribution. Olsen et al., 2018: 162-163 (annotated checklist Nordic countries and for Norway according to the Strand regions). Distribution. Olsen and Andersen, 2021: 215 (loc(s) Innlandet, in former Hedmark, with habitats specified separately, for habitats see also Jonassen and Andersen, 2020). Poland Distribution. Wiedenska, 2007a: 75 (checklist). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2008: 46 (loc(s) Parowy Janinowski nature reserve near Lodz) (in Polish). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2010: 133 (loc(s) Parku Krajobrazowego Wzniesien Lodzkich, Lodz). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2014: 14 (on the occurence of Limoniidae in six selected plant communities in the Kamienica Valley, Gorce National Park, Western Carpathians) (in Polish, habitat tables also in English). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2015b: 56 (loc(s) near Lodz). Distribution. Wiedenska, 2017a: 23 (faunistic and habitat data of species from the Gorce NP) (in Polish). Distribution. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: 147 (loc(s) Bieszczady Mountains, distr and remarks). Portugal First record. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 138-139 (loc(s) Guarda). Romania Distribution. Parvu, 2003: 233 (loc(s)). Distribution. Parvu, 2004: 186 (loc(s)). Distribution. Ujvarosi and Poti, 2006: 256 (loc(s) eastern Carpathians). Distribution. Ujvarosi, 2007: 228-231 (checklist Limoniidae). Distribution. Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: 109 (loc(s) Dupa Lanca marshy area near Voslobeni) (in Hungarian, species list with habitat information in English). Distribution. Keresztes, 2012: 30 (loc(s) Rimetea area [Alba County]). Russia Distribution. Polevoi and Humala, 2005: 181 (RUN: list of Diptera of Vepsskaya Volost, Kareliya) (in Russian). Distribution. Jakovlev et al., 2014: 310 (loc(s) RUN: Kareliya). Distribution. Pilipenko, 2018: 17 (loc(s) Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, Krasnodarskiy kray) (in Russian). Distribution. Paramonov and Korobkov, 2019: 95 (loc(s) RUC: Tverskaya oblast, distr, habitat, citing various authors) (in Russian). Distribution. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: 139 (loc(s) RUE and North Caucasus). Serbia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Slovakia Distribution. Stary, 2009d: 36 (loc(s) Polana area). Distribution. Stary, 2009i: webpage (checklist). Slovenia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 448 (review literature). Spain First record. Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: 55-56 (checklist, loc(s) Huesca). Distribution. Hancock et al., 2015a: 241 (loc(s) Lugo). Distribution. Mederos and Eiroa, 2018: 27 (loc(s) Lerida, distr). Distribution. Eiroa and Carles-Tolra, 2019: 132 (list of Spanish provinces, distr) (in Spanish). Distribution. Eiroa et al., 2020: 248 (loc(s) Teruel and distr Spanish provinces). Distribution. Keresztes et al., 2022: 195 (loc(s) Asturias and review distribution in Spain) (in Spanish). Switzerland Distribution. Podenas et al., 2006: 170, 277 (map, vertical distr per thermic level). Distribution. Dufour and Merz, 2012: 355 (annotated checklist canton Geneva). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Andorra Eiroa and Carles-Tolra, 2019: month(s): 8. Mederos et al., 2019b: month(s): 7. Austria Aistleitner, 2015: month(s): 5. Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: month(s): 6-7. Aistleitner et al., 2024: month(s): 5. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2015: month(s): 6. Hubenov, 2016: month(s): 6. Czech Rep. Stary et al., 2005a: month(s): 5-6. Stary and Vonicka, 2018: month(s): 5-7. France Rotheray and Horsfield, 2003: month(s): 5. Kramer and Langlois, 2019b: month(s): 6. Quindroit, 2020a: month(s): 5-6. Quindroit, 2020b: month(s): 4-6, 9. Quindroit and Lemoine, 2022a: month(s): 4-6. Lemoine and Quindroit, 2023: month(s): 6-7. Georgia Stary and Obona, 2020: month(s): 7. Germany Reusch et al., 2004: month(s): 6. Dunk, 2018: month(s): 5. Great Britain Godfrey, 2000a: month(s): 6. Godfrey, 2001a: month(s): 5. Boardman, 2007: month(s): 5-7. Kramer, 2011j: month(s): 5, 9. Kramer, 2013f: month(s): 5. Kramer and Morris, 2022b: month(s): 5-7. Ireland Ashe et al., 2008: month(s): 6. Italy Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: month(s): 6-8. Netherlands Hoven, 2024: month(s): 5. Norway Olsen and Andersen, 2021: month(s): 6-7. Poland Wiedenska, 2008: month(s): 6. Wiedenska, 2014: month(s): 7. Wiedenska, 2015a: month(s): 6-7. Wiedenska, 2017a: month(s): 6-8. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: month(s): 5-7. Portugal Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 5. Romania Parvu, 2003: month(s): 7. Parvu, 2004: month(s): 6-7. Ujvarosi et al., 2011b: month(s): 6. Russia Paramonov and Korobkov, 2019: month(s): 6. Kolcsar et al., 2021b: month(s): 5, 7. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: month(s): 5-7. Spain Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: month(s): 7. Hancock et al., 2015a: month(s): 5. Mederos and Eiroa, 2018: month(s): 6. Eiroa et al., 2020: month(s): 10. Keresztes et al., 2022: month(s): 6. Switzerland Podenas et al., 2006: month(s): 4-10. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Aistleitner, 2015: altitude: 490 m. Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: altitude: 750-1350 m. Aistleitner et al., 2024: altitude: 416 m. Bulgaria Hubenov, 2015: altitude: 1230-1810 m. Hubenov, 2016: altitude: 1147 m. Hubenov, 2017: altitude: 1147-1810 m. Hubenov, 2018b: altitude: 380 m. Hubenov, 2021a: altitude: 0-1810 m. Hubenov, 2025a: altitude: 0-1810 m. Hubenov, 2025b: altitude: 0-1810 m. France Labat, 2021: altitude: 302-1357 m. Quindroit, 2021c: altitude: 1400-2000 m. Georgia Stary and Obona, 2020: altitude: 1450-2000 m. Germany Reusch et al., 2004: altitude: 10-40 m. Reusch and Hohmann, 2009: altitude: 550-842 m. Italy Stary, 2003a: altitude: 1300-1600 m. Podenas and Podeniene, 2008: altitude: 1220-2310 m. Morocco Kettani and Oosterbroek, 2022a: altitude: 1250 m. Norway Olsen and Andersen, 2021: altitude: 290 m. Poland Wiedenska, 2017a: altitude: 800-1200 m. Wiedenska and Syratt, 2023: altitude: 500-1000 m. Portugal Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 1360-1384 m. Romania Ujvarosi and Poti, 2006: altitude: 670 m. Russia Kolcsar et al., 2021b: altitude: 16-777 m. Slovakia Stary, 2009d: altitude: 630-870 m. Spain Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: altitude: 900 m. Mederos and Eiroa, 2018: altitude: 1100 m. Eiroa et al., 2020: altitude: 1216-1237 m. Keresztes et al., 2022: altitude: 920-1690 m.