Details for Nephrotoma ferruginea

Name: Nephrotoma ferruginea (Fabricius, 1805) Publication: Syst. antl.: 28 (as Tipula) Status: Recognized taxon, Synonym(s): beutenmuelleri (Dietz, 1918); latevittata (Dietz, 1918); proxima (Bellardi, 1859); quadrilineata (Macquart, 1838). Classification: Family Tipulidae Subfamily Tipulinae Revision: Oosterbroek, 1984. Descriptive note: Name validated by I.C.Z.N., 1983: Bull. zool. Nomencl., 40: Opinion 1257. Short description in Alexander, 1943k (reprint: 1966g) (also as beutenmuelleri Dietz). Synonymy: Alexander, 1941m, 1969l; Alexander and Alexander, 1970. habitus female habitus female body part(s) thorax body part(s) thorax body part(s) thorax plus 3 more images of hypopygium, ovipositor and wing. Distribution: Canada, USA (Alaska and NWT to Nfld and NSc (Sable Is), south to Oreg, Ariz, Texas, Ark, SC and Ga);; Netherlands, Spain;; Mexico. Note: see the manual for abbreviations: Canada and USA. Region(s): Nearctic;; Westpalaearctic;; Neotropic General note: Distribution also after Oosterbroek and Tangelder, 1987b. Introduced in Westpalaearctic by accidental transport. Hybrids between ferruginea Fabricius and suturalis Loew are known from central Texas (Oosterbroek and Tangelder, 1987a). Biology: Alexander, 1919e, 1920r, 1924k (habitat). Alexander, 1920r (egg). Young, 1978; Young and Gelhaus, 2000 (habitat, phenology). Figure references: Habitus: White and Salisbury, 2000 (male) Wing: Alexander, 1919e; Alexander, 1943k (reprint: 1966g); Alexander and Byers, 1981; Conrow and Gelhaus, 2022 (wing interference patterns) Other figures: Hancock et al., 2015b (thorax) Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): Mexico Habitat. Rivera-Garcia and Ibanez-Bernal, 2024a: 4, 6 (vegetation type at the sampling site: shade coffee plantation). Spain Biology. Hancock et al., 2015b: 149-151 (a single female swept from vegetation in the exposed base of a small reservoir; for further details see paper; the possibilities of introduction are enhanced by its life style as a root feeder associated with grasslands and shrubs, citing various authors). USA Biology. Byers, 2002: 7 (habitat: commoner at lower elevations, usually in grassy areas, found up to 1400 m; larvae can be destructive in gardens, lawns, pastures, and wheat fields, feeding on rootlets of young plants; biology). Habitat. Rao and Gelhaus, 2004: 253 (collected from commercial peppermint (Mentha x piperita) fields in Oreg; review literature on larvae). Habitat. Rao et al., 2006: 39 (larvae were found in cultivated peppermint fields). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): Country not relevant Phylogeny. Gelhaus, 2005: 7 (phylogeny Eremotipula: examined taxon). Phylogeny. Men et al., 2018a: 100 (comparison of female internal reproductive system, based on literure data). Spain Characters. Hancock et al., 2015b: 150-151 (chars, figs). USA Immatures. Rao et al., 2006: 35-39 (study to identify larvae using mitochondrial cytB sequences). Characters. Conrow and Gelhaus, 2022: 136-163 (detailed study on wing interference patterns (WIP); the study seeks to establish WIP as a stable, sexually dimorphic, species-level character across the four families of Tipuloidea and investigate generic level WIP; thirteen species of Tipuloidea were selected from museum specimens; descriptions of the WIP for each sex of each species are provided.; twelve of thirteen species imaged had WIP, which were stable and species specific while eight of those twelve had sexually dimorphic WIP; figs; see paper for details). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Canada Distribution. Taschereau et al., 2009: 686 (golf course loc(s) Que). Distribution. Brodo, 2017b: 21-28 (list of craneflies collected in Larose Forest, Ottawa District, Ont). Distribution. Brodo et al., 2023: Table 1 & 4, page 15 (collected in far north Ont & distr in Canada, with details on its distribution in the Nearctic, especially Canada, incl. loc(s) for for Man and Ont). Mexico Distribution. Contreras-Ramos and Gelhaus, 2002: 592 (checklist Mexico). Distribution. Rivera-Garcia and Ibanez-Bernal, 2024a: 6 (loc(s) Veracruz, on species composition of two communities of crane flies separated by a geographic barrier, one of the 8 species (out of 60) that could be identified to the species level). Netherlands First record. Oosterbroek and Jong, 2001: 103 (loc(s), a single 1980 record, most probably due to some kind of accidental transport). Distribution. Jong and Oosterbroek, 2002d: 40 (checklist, introduced). Spain First record. Hancock et al., 2015b: 149-151 (a single record from Barranco de Ajuez, Castellon, 18 november 2014, most probably due to some kind of accidental transport) [the specimen is labelled as from 18 september, see photo(s) above]. Distribution. Kolcsar et al., 2025: 15 (review distributional history; the species should be considered a non-native species; however, there is no evidence so far that it has established itself in Europe). USA Distribution. Byers, 2002: 7 (loc(s) Va, distr, commonest North American Nephrotoma). Distribution. Rao and Gelhaus, 2004: 253 (collected from commercial peppermint (Mentha x piperita) fields in Oreg; review literature on larvae). Distribution. Petersen et al., 2005: 11 (recorded from Great Smoky Mountains National Park by Hynes, 1996 (unpublished)). Distribution. Rao et al., 2006: 35-39 (loc(s) Oreg). Distribution. Byers and Rossman, 2008: 14 (loc(s) Wis). Distribution. Byers et al., 2008: 374 (loc(s) Ark). Distribution. Brodo et al., 2022a: 52 (list of Tipuloidea collected in the NY, Putnam County, town of Kent). Distribution. Conrow and Gelhaus, 2022: 139 (loc(s) Pa). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Canada Taschereau et al., 2009: month(s): 6, 8-9. Brodo, 2017b: month(s): 6. Brodo et al., 2023: month(s): 7. Netherlands Oosterbroek and Jong, 2001: month(s): 9. Spain Hancock et al., 2015b: month(s): 9. USA Byers, 2002: month(s): 5-9. Rao and Gelhaus, 2004: month(s): 5. Byers and Rossman, 2008: month(s): 10. Byers et al., 2008: month(s): 5. Conrow and Gelhaus, 2022: month(s): 6 or 7. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): Mexico Rivera-Garcia and Ibanez-Bernal, 2024a: altitude: 330 m. Spain Hancock et al., 2015b: altitude: 320 m. USA Byers, 2002: altitude: up to 1400 m. Byers and Rossman, 2008: altitude: 200 m.