Details for Chionea valga

Name: Chionea valga Harris, 1841 Publication: Rep. insects Mass. injur. veget.: 404 (as Chionea) Status: Recognized taxon, Synonym(s): aspera Walker, 1848; gracilis Alexander, 1917; noveboracensis Alexander, 1917; waughi Curran, 1925. Classification: Family Limoniidae Subfamily Chioneinae Revision: Byers, 1983a. Descriptive note: Short description in Alexander, 1943k (reprint: 1966g) (also as gracilis Alexander, and waughi Curran). Synonymy: Alexander, 1943k (reprint: 1966g), 1965h. habitus male habitus female Distribution: Canada, USA (Alta to Nfld, south to Minn, Wis, Tenn, NC and Va). Note: see the manual for abbreviations: Canada and USA. Region(s): Nearctic Biology: Lugger, 1896 (biology adult, quoted in Alexander, 1920r). Figure references: Habitus: Alexander, 1917e (as gracilis) (male); Marshall, 2006 (male, female); Hahn, 2009 (male); Brodo, 2019b (male) Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): USA Phenology. Petersen, 2003: 90 (period of flight in relation to altitude). Habitat. Hahn, 2009: 100 (found throughout the winter on snow where it can survive temperatures as low as minus 25 degrees F; found in deciduous and evergreen woodlands, especially around rocky sites where it is suspectess to spend much of its life cycle in rodent burrows). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): Canada Characters. Brodo, 2019b: 27-28 (on a male clambering rather clumsily and quickly over the snow with the halteres seemingly inflated; see paper for details and above photo from the Ottawa region). Country not relevant Phylogeny. Bertone, 2008: 1-282 (included in phylogenetic study on macroevolutionary relationships among families of lower Diptera (Insecta): molecular systematics, divergence times and a phylogeny of the Tipulidae sensu lato). Phylogeny. Petersen et al., 2010a: 526-543 (member of a detailed morphological and molecular phylogenetic study into the higher-level classification of the Tipuloidea). Phylogeny. Jong and Ciliberti, 2014: 563-589 (paper deals with the phylogeny (based on an extensive matrix of morphological characters), historical biogeography and ecological niche modelling at the species and species-group level; see paper for details). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Canada Distribution. Brodo, 2019b: 27-28 (on a male clambering rather clumsily and quickly over the snow with the halteres seemingly inflated; see paper for details and above photo from the Ottawa region). Country not relevant Distribution. Jong and Ciliberti, 2014: 563-589 (paper deals with the phylogeny (based on an extensive matrix of morphological characters), historical biogeography and ecological niche modelling at the species and species-group level; see paper for details). USA Distribution. Petersen et al., 2005: 6 (loc(s) Great Smoky Mountains National Park). Distribution. Bertone, 2008: table 1 (USA, NC, no further data). Distribution. Hahn, 2009: 100 (loc(s) Minn). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Canada Brodo, 2019b: month(s): 2. USA Petersen, 2003: month(s): 10-3. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): USA Petersen et al., 2005: altitude: 895-1944 m.