Details for Chionea alpina

Name: Chionea alpina Bezzi, 1908 Publication: Societas Ent. 23(13): 98 (as Chionea) Status: Recognized taxon, Synonym(s): italica Venturi, 1955; catalonica (Bourne, 1979). Classification: Family Limoniidae Subfamily Chioneinae Revision: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008. Descriptive note: Synonymy: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008. Type-material not present in the Bezzi collection in Milano (see Monari, 2024). Keys: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008 (European Chionea); Christian, 2009 (Chionea Austria) habitus male habitus male habitus male body part(s) leg body part(s) leg plus 11 more images of body part(s), body part(s), hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium, hypopygium and habitat. Distribution: Andorra, Austria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, France (Pyrenees, southeast), Germany (Bayern), Italy (as far south as Emilia Romagna), Montenegro, Romania, Spain (Pyrenees), Switzerland (Valais, Ticino, Graubunden). Region(s): Westpalaearctic General note: Records from Slovenia could not be confirmed (for details see Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008). Map: Podenas et al., 2006 (Switzerland) (but see remark in Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008); D’Amico and Oosterbroek, 2013 (Spain); D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024 (France); Jong and Pavicevic, 2024 (Balcan) Biology: Hardy et al., 2020 (on high altitude craneflies). Figure references: Habitus: Barndt, 2004 (male on snow); D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024 (male); Jong and Pavicevic, 2024 (male) Hypopygium: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008 (after Savchenko, 1982g); Christian, 2009; D’Amico and Tyssiandier, 2024; Jong and Pavicevic, 2024 Other figures: Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008 (femur hind leg, after Burghele-Balacesco, 1969); Dallai et., 2008 (sperm tail); Christian, 2009 (knee region hind leg); D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024 (front leg); de Jong and Pavicevic, 2024 (hind leg) Miscellaneous D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024 (habitat) Citations on biology (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Biology. Thaler, 2002: 48 (habitats; altitudes; maximum activity in october). Country not relevant Phenology. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 173 (can be collected througout the year). France Biology. D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024: 12 (recoltes dans une galerie de la Mine de Bentailluo; ils avaient ete attires par des appats a base de crevettes, poses au sol depuis six jours, dans le recoin d’une galerie non loin de l’entree; see paper for details on the effects of climate change). Italy Habitat. Avesani and Latella, 2016: 11-16 (found in six caves in the Lissini Mountains, Verona; ecology). Spain Habitat. Mederos, 2023a: 483 (collected in caves at high altitudes in the Pyrenees) (in Spanish). on characters and taxonomy (mainly from 2000 onward): Austria Key. Christian, 2009: 363-365 (key, figs). Country not relevant Phylogeny. Dallai et al., 2008: 83-91 (spermstructure in relation to phylogeny of the Nematocera and Diptera, figs). Phylogeny. Jong and Ciliberti, 2014: 563-589 (paper deals with the phylogeny (based on an extensive matrix of morphological characters), historical biogeography and ecological niche modelling at the species and species-group level; see paper for details). Characters. Jong and Pavicevic, 2024: 66-68 (differentiating characters, figs). France Description. D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024: 10-11 (descr, figs). Italy Revision. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 174-179, 182, 185-184, 187-192 (revision, synonymy, diagnosis, key, comparison, figs). on distribution (mainly from 2000 onward): Andorra First record. Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: 54 (checklist). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 191 (loc(s), distr). Austria Distribution. Thaler and Knoflach, 2001: 200 (loc(s)). Distribution. Thaler, 2002: 48 (loc(s)). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 191 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Christian, 2009: 368-371, 377-378 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Kofler, 2009: 276 (loc(s) Karnischen Alpen). Distribution. Blick and Zaenker, 2016: 265-270 (loc(s) Salzburg). Distribution. Vogtenhuber and Kofler, 2017: 138 (loc(s) Osttirol). Distribution. Hardy et al., 2020: 19 (on high altitude craneflies, citing Thaler and Knoflach, 2001). Bosnia-Herzegowina First record. Jong and Pavicevic, 2024: 68 (loc(s)). Country not relevant Distribution. Jong and Ciliberti, 2014: 563-589 (paper deals with the phylogeny (based on an extensive matrix of morphological characters), historical biogeography and ecological niche modelling at the species and species-group level; see paper for details). France Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 191 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024: 12 (loc(s) Ariege (09), first record for French Pyrenees, distr, map). Germany Distribution. Schacht, 1999: 132, 134 (loc(s), checklist Bayern). Distribution. Reusch and Oosterbroek, 2000: 157 (checklist German Bundeslander). Distribution. Barndt, 2004: 2 (distr, review literature). Distribution. Schacht, 2005: 4 (checklist Bayern). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 191 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Schacht, 2010: 16 (checklist Diptera Bayern). Distribution. Blick and Zaenker, 2016: 265-270 (loc(s) Bayern). Italy Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 189-191 (type-loc(s), loc(s), distr). Distribution. Vanin, 2010: 12 (distr). Distribution. Latella et al., 2011: 173-176 (on the cavernicolous fauna of the Corno d’Aquila, Verona). Distribution. Avesani and Latella, 2016: 11-16 (found in six caves in the Lissini Mountains, Verona; ecology). Montenegro Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 443 (review literature). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 191 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. Jong and Pavicevic, 2024: 68-69 (loc(s), confirmation for Montenegro). Romania First record. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 191 (no further locality data). Slovenia Distribution. Oosterbroek and Simova-Tosic, 2004: 443 (review literature). Distribution. Novak et al., 2007: 51 (loc(s), distr, map). Spain Distribution. Eiroa and Baez, 2002a: 54 (checklist) (as alpina and as catalonica). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 191 (loc(s), distr). Distribution. D’Amico and Oosterbroek, 2013: 134 (review and map of distribution in SW France and Spain). Distribution. Mederos, 2023a: 483 (collected in caves at high altitudes in the Pyrenees) (in Spanish). Switzerland Distribution. Barndt, 2004: 4-5 (loc(s)). Distribution. Podenas et al., 2006: 89, 207 (figs, map, period of activity) (but see remark in Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008). Distribution. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: 191 (loc(s), distr). on flight period (mainly from 2000 onward): Andorra Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 1. Austria Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 5-8, 12. Christian, 2009: month(s): 6-3. Kofler, 2009: month(s): 8 or 9. Bosnia-Herzegowina Jong and Pavicevic, 2024: month(s): 9. France Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 8, 11-4. D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024: month(s): 8. Germany Schacht, 1999: month(s): 1. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 1, 5. Italy Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 8-2, 5. Montenegro Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 5-7. Jong and Pavicevic, 2024: month(s): 6-9. Spain Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 7-10. Switzerland Barndt, 2004: month(s): 12. Podenas et al., 2006: month(s): 6. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: month(s): 10-3, 6-7. on altitude (mainly from 2000 onward): Andorra Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 2145-2548 m. Austria Thaler and Knoflach, 2001: altitude: 3035 m. Thaler, 2002: altitude: 700-3035 m. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 540-3035 m. Christian, 2009: altitude: 540-3035 m. Kofler, 2009: altitude: 2320 m. Blick and Zaenker, 2016: altitude: 2351 m. Hardy et al., 2020: altitude: 3035 m. France D’Amico and Tyssandier, 2024: altitude: 1870 m. Germany Schacht, 1999: altitude: 1100 m. Blick and Zaenker, 2016: altitude: 1347-2351 m. Italy Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 1100-2500 m. Latella et al., 2011: altitude: 1425-1843 m. Avesani and Latella, 2016: altitude: 1428-1711 m. Montenegro Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 2000 m. Jong and Pavicevic, 2024: altitude: 1200-2160 m. Slovenia Novak et al., 2007: altitude: 450-2435 m. Spain Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 1690-2460 m. Switzerland Barndt, 2004: altitude: 2000 m. Oosterbroek and Reusch, 2008: altitude: 800-2700 m.